| ObjectiveAnalysis of allergen types and the distribution of allergens in the age,sex,occupation and living area of the patients with allergic rhinitis in Linyi ware performed.It provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and epidemiological study of allergic rhinitis in the region.Materials and Methods552 patients who were diagnosed as allergic rhinitis in the Department of ENT of the Department of ENT,Linyi people's Hospital from May 2015 to October 2017 were collected.They were divided into 4 groups:2~14 years old,15~34 years old,35~49 years old and?50 years old.20 kinds of allergen specific serum IgE(sIgE)were measured by the European imprint method.The basic information(name,gender,age,living area),allergen type,antibody concentration and classification and the number and type of positive allergens in all age groups were recorded.And the results were statistically analyzed.Results1.222 patients were proposed to diagnose as allergic rhinitis in Linyi City.204patients were positive and diagnosed as allergic rhinitis.Therefore,the positive rate of allergic rhinitis was 91.89%in urban area.Respectively the positive rates of urban and rural combination and rural allergic rhinitis were 89.13%and 76.71%.The positive rate of allergic rhinitis in the combination of urban and rural areas was not statistically significant(?~2=0.904,P=0.342>0.05).The positive rate of allergic rhinitis in urban and rural(?~2=16.726,P=0.001<0.05),urban and rural areas and rural(?~2=9.173,P=0.002<0.05)was statistically significant.2.There are 118 students,74 preschool children and 49 teachers in the first three patients who have been diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.The constituent ratios were24.58%,15.42%and 10.21%respectively.Therefore,the incidence of allergic rhinitis in Linyi is mainly students,preschool children and teachers.Among them,students have the highest incidence.3.The top three Inhaled allergens are Dust mite combination1(house dust mites/Dermatophagoides mite),combination of trees2(Willow/poplar/elm)and mugwort in Linyi.The positive rates were 60.63%,22.71%and 21.46%.The top three food allergens are crab and freshwater fish combination1(salmon/bass/carp)and peanuts.The positive rates were 27.92%,17.50%and 16.64%.4.480 of the 552 patients were positive and were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.The total positive rate was 81.16%.There were 248 male patients(51.67%),232 female patients(48.33%),and there was no significant difference between them(?~2=1.067,P=0.302>0.05).The positive rate of 2~14 years old group of allergic rhinitis was 95.56%(180/188).In the 15~34 years old group,the positive rate was 87.23%.The positive rate of35~49 years old group(76.47%)was higher than that of?50 years old group(68.97%).Beside the 35~49 years old and over 50 years old group,the differences of the other groups were statistically significant(?~2=7.267,P=0.007<0.05;?~2=22.042,P=0.001<0.05;?~2=28.767,P=0.001<0.05;?~2=5.037,P=0.025<0.05;?~2=9.116,P=0.003<0.05).5.The positive rate of dust mite combination1(house dust mites/Dermatophagoides)was the highest in children(2~14 years old),and it was higher than 56.67%in non children group(>14 years old).The difference was statistically significant(?~2=5.251,P=0.022<0.05).The positive rate of mugwort was the highest in the 35~49 years old group.The positive rate of house dust was 31.67%in 2~14 years old group,which was significantly different from that in other groups(?~2=21.780,P=0.001<0.05).The crab positive rate was 38.54%in the 35~49 years old group,ranking the first.The positive rate of egg white was 27.78%in the 2~14 years old group,which was significantly different from that in the other groups(?~2=40.894,P=0.001<0.05).6.In the group of 2~14 years old group,the positive rate of inhaled allergens was43.89%,the positive rate of food allergen was 32.22%,the positive rate of inhalation and food allergen was 23.89%.In the group of 15~34 years old,they were 50.00%,18.90%and31.10%.In the group of 35~49 years old,they were 53.13%,14.58%and 32.29%.They were 55.00%,10%,35.00%in?50years old group.The positive rate of food allergens gradually decreased with age.But the positive rate of inhalation allergen and the positive rate of inhalation+food allergen were gradually increased.In the 15~34 years old group,35~49 age group and over 50 age group,the positive rate of food allergens were lower than2~14 years old group.The difference was statistically significant(?~2=18.117,P=0.001<0.05).7.There were 94 cases(19.58%)of single allergens positive,138 cases(28.75%)of double allergen positive,99 cases(20.63%)of three allergens positive,52 cases(10.83%)for four allergens positive,97 cases(20.21%)with more than five allergens positive,among which the double allergen positive was the most.Compared with the distribution of the positive rate of single allergen in different age groups,the difference of positive rate was statistically significant in each age group(?~2=9.942,P=0.019<0.05).The positive rate of single allergens in 2~14 years old group was lower than that in other age groups(The rate of mixed allergens was higher than that of other age groups).The positive rate of mixed allergens was higher than the single positive rate in all groups.With the increase of age,the positive rate of single allergens increased gradually,and the positive rate of mixed allergens decreased.8.The antibody content classification of dust mite combination1(dust mite/Dermatophagoides mite)in different age groups was compared,and it was found that the positive rate of grade 5 and 6 levels decreased with the increase of age.In addition to more than 50 years old group,grade 1 and grade 2 antibody positive rates were increased with age.The positive rate of grade 1 antibody was highest in 35~49 years old group,and 6grade antibody positive rate was 14.88%in 2~14 year sold group.The 1 level distribution of dust mite combination1(house dust mite/Dermatophagoides mite)antibody in different age groups was statistically significant(?~2=8.065,P=0.045<0.05).The distribution of grade 6 antibodies was statistically significant compared with the positive rates in all age groups(?~2=11.403,P=0.010<0.05).Conclusions1.The prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis in Linyi city and the combination of urban and rural areas are higher than that in rural areas.2.Allergic rhinitis is mainly caused by students and preschool children in Linyi area.3.The top three Inhaled allergens are Dust mite combination1(house dust mites/Dermatophagoides mite),combination of trees2(Willow/poplar/elm)and mugwort in Linyi area.The top of them is dust mites.The first three food allergens are crab and freshwater fish combination of 1(salmon/bass/carp)and peanuts.The top is the crab.4.There is no gender difference in the prevalence of allergic rhinitis.5.Inhalation and food allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis are different in different ages in Linyi area.6.Allergic rhinitis patients have lower sensitivity to food allergen and higher sensitivity to inhalation allergens with age.7.Double allergies are most common in patients with allergic rhinitis in Linyi area.8.Children have the highest degree of reaction to dust mite allergy. |
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