| ObjectiveThis study aims to develop behavior and willingness assessment questionnaire of family involvement for the elderly lived in nursing homes and test its psychometric characteristics,then to understand the level of family involvement in behavior and willingness and analyze the influencing factors of different demographic characteristics.MethodsThis study was divided into two parts.The first part:Development behavior and willingness assessment questionnaire of family involvement for the elderly lived in nursing homes,and test its psychometric characteristics.Using literature research method and semi-structured interviews to construct behavior and willingness preliminary draft questionnaire of family involvement for the elderly lived in nursing homes.Then it was evaluated by two rounds of Delphi experts consultation.Three stages of cross-sectional questionnaires were issued.In the first stage,326 cases of questionnaire were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 software for exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis.In the second stage,30 cases were tested for retest reliability.In the second stage,373 cases were investigated and the confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using AMOS 17.0.The second part:The preliminary application of the behavior and willingness formal questionnaire of family involvement for the elderly lived in nursing homes.Descriptive statistics and difference analysis were used to analyze the data of 373 cases in the third stage.The level of family involvement behavior and willingness was discussed,and explore the factors affecting different demographic characteristics.ResultsThe first part:The behavior and willingness assessment questionnaire of family involvement for the elderly lived in nursing homes included two sub-questionnaires,the behavior of family involvement questionnaire and the willingness of family involvement questionnaire.There were 6 dimensions being common used,consisted of 32 items,having good reliability and validity.Exploratory factor analysis results were displayed,six common factors were extracted both the two sub-questionnaires,and the cumulative variance contribution rates were 66.054%and 72.643%.The content validity index were good.The two sub-questionnaires's Cronbach's a coefficients were 0.950 and 0.941,split-half reliability coefficient were 0.875 and 0.776,and the retest reliability were 0.905 and 0.960.The parameters of confirmatory factor analysis were within the standard range.The second part:The behavior of family involvement for the elderly lived in nursing homes is lower than the willingness of family involvement.The total level of behavior of family involvement questionnaire was(95.10±27.14)and the standardized score was(2.97±0.85),the scores from high to low were:involvement in supervision>involvement in emotional comfort,involvement in economic support,involvement in decision support,involvement in guidance and involvement in life care(P<0.05).Female were significantly associated with higher level of the behavior of family involvement than male.Spouses,high-educational were significantly associated with higher level of the behavior of family involvement.The shorter time from family to nursing homes were significantly associated with higher level of the behavior of family involvement.The shorter time the elderly lived in nursing homes,the higher the severity of the cognitive impairment of the elderly,the higher the level of the behavior of family involvement(P<0.05).The willingness of family involvement questionnaire was(119.87 ± 21.09),the standardized score was(3.75± 0.67),the scores from high to low were:involvement in emotional comfort,involvement in supervision,involvement in decision support,involvement in economic support,involvement in guidance>involvement in life care(P<0.05).Female family members were significantly associated with higher level of the willingness of involvement.Family members with higher education levels and middle-income were significantly associated with higher level of the willingness of involvement(P<0.05).ConclusionsThe behavior and willingness assessment questionnaire of family involvement for the elderly lived in nursing homes included two sub-questionnaires,the behavior of family involvement questionnaire and the willingness of family involvement questionnaire.There were 6 dimensions being common used,involvement in emotional comfort,involvement in life care,involvement in economic support,involvement in decision support,involvement in supervision and involvement in guidance,32 items.The two sub-questionnaires both had good reliability and validity.The level of willingness of family involvement was medium to high,while the level of behavior of family involvement was low to medium and it have lots of room to improve.The main factors influencing of the behavior of family involvement were gender,the relationship with the elderly,education level,time from home to nursing home,time of the elderly living in nursing homes,the severity of cognitive impairment of the elderly.The main factors influencing of the willingness of family involvement were gender,education level,and the level of income.It is suggested that family members with females,spouses,higher education level,elderly people staying in the elderly care institution for a short time,and families close to each other were the key groups to promote family involvement. |
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