Development And Application Of Family Support Needs Assessment Questionnaire For The Elderly In Nursing Homes

ObjectiveTo develop an instrument for measuring family support needs for the elderly in the cultural context of our country and to test its reliability and validity.Exploring the level of family support needs of the elderly in the nursing home and its influencing factors.so as to provide scientific and objective references for the construction of corresponding family support programs for the elderly in the later stages.MethodsThis study is divided into two parts.Part I:Development and evaluation of the questionnaireBased on the theory of social support and nurse-patient communication model,literature research and qualitative research results,a preliminary draft of a family support needs questionnaire for the elderly in the elderly institutions was prepared.Further,it was evaluated by two rounds of Delphi expert consultations(17).After that,the first draft of the questionnaire were formed and further a small sample was used to form the questionnaire.The later formal survey was divided into three stages:a total of 334 questionnaires were distributed in the first stage,and 30 questionnaires were distributed in the second stage.Exploratory factor analysis and retesting reliability analysis were conducted using SPSS 21.0 version;On the basis of exploratory factor analysis,AMOS software was used for confirmatory factor analysis.Part 2.Application of the Questionnaire.descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance,and stepwise multiple linear regression was used to analyzed the data of the third stage in part I,so as to explore the level of family support needs and its influencing factors of the elderly in nursing home.ResultsFirst part:The questionnaire for family support needs of elderly people in nursing home includes 38 items in 4 dimensions.The exploratory factor analysis extracted four common factors in this exploration,which explained a total of 62.257%of the total variation;its content validity index was 0.937.The overall Cronbach's ? coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.962,the split-half reliability coefficient is 0.836,and the re-test reliability is 0.952.The factor loading of all the items were above 0.4 in CFA,its value(?2/df?1.888,GFI?0.870,NFI=0.874,IFI?0.936,CFI?0.936,AGFI?0.849,RMSEA?0.046),square variance of each latent variable The variation AVE is 0.446,0.460,0.514,0.502,CR are all>0.8,the absolute values of the correlation coefficients between each dimension are all<0.5,and they are all less than the square root of the corresponding square variance variation AVE,and all the values are Within acceptable range.The second part:The mean of total information needs was(143.674±24.437).The standardized scores of each dimension from high to low were emotional comfort,service support,material support,and information support;age,marital status,and length of stay(months).The method of payment of expenses,the number of visits to relatives,the state of residence before admission,the reason for staying in the elderly institution,and the status of ADL in the overall score of family support needs were statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionsBased on the social support theory and the nurse-patient communication model,we developed a questionnaire for the family support needs of elderly people in nursing home.There are 38 items in 4 dimensions,material support needs.service support needs,psychological and emotional comfort needs and information support needs.The questionnaire has good psychological attributes,all indicators meet the measurement standards,and the reliability and validity are good.It is suitable for the assessment of the needs of the elderly in nursing home for family support in the context of Chinese culture.The results of this questionnaire survey on the family support needs of the elderly in nursing home show that the overall level of family support needs is relatively high and is affected by many factors.Specific circumstances,pay attention to the family's positive impact on the elderly in institutions,in order to improve the family's participation in the care of the elderly in institutions.