| ObjectiveTo understand the current situation of social support for the elderly in rural areas of China,and to explore the influencing factors of social support,so as to provide scientific basis for improving the level of social support for the elderly in rural areas,improving the health status and quality of life of the rural elderly.MethodBased on the data of China Health and retirement longitudinal study(CHARLS)in 2015,this paper studied the current situation and influencing factors of social support for the elderly aged 60 and over in rural areas.STATA14.0 was used to process the relevant data and indicators.SPSS21.0 was used to analyze the influencing factors of social support for the elderly in rural areas of China,chi-square test was used to analyze the single factor,for the independent variables with statistical significance(P<0.05)in chi-square test,binary logistic stepwise regression analysis was carried out,the test level was a=0.05(bilateral).Result1.Basic characteristics of research objects:there were 5186 rural elderly in this study,2630 of whom were male,accounting for 50.71%;3381 of whom were aged 60-70,accounting for 65.19%;4172 had spouses,accounting for 80.45%;4439 were not live alone,accounting for 85.60%;3057 were satisfied with the relationship with their children,accounting for 58.95%;3333 were illiterate or semi illiterate,accounting for 64.27%;2948 self-rated health status was poor and very bad,accounting for 56.84%;2237 people with physical disability,accounting for 43.14%;3596 people with chronic diseases,accounting for 69.34%;2501 people smoked,accounting for 48.23%;1703 people drunk,accounting for 32.84%;433 people were dissatisfied with life and very dissatisfied,accounting for 8.34%.2.Social support of the elderly in rural China:in terms of economic and material support,the economic and material support of 3084 people is less than 2000 yuan,accounting for 59.47%;in terms of spiritual and emotional support,2685 people had no children to visit or contact frequently,accounting for 51.77%;in terms of social interaction support,2814 people did not participate in any social activities,accounting for 54.26%;in terms of social security support,346 people did not participate in any medical insurance and endowment insurance,accounting for 6.67%.3.Single factor analysis results:the differences of economic and material support of the elderly in rural areas of China in the areas,gender,age,marital status,living conditions,education level,self-rated health status,physical disability status,chronic disease status,smoking status,drinking status and life satisfaction are of statistical significance(P<0.05);differences in mental and emotional support in terms of gender,age,marital status,housing status,education level,self-rated health status,chronic disease prevalence and smoking status were statistically significant(P<0.05);social interaction support has statistically significant differences in areas,marital status,housing status,education level,self-assessed health status,physical disability,alcohol consumption,and life satisfaction(P<0.05);the difference of social security support in area,gender,marital status,living condition,education level and life satisfaction were statistically significant(P<0.05).4.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that:region,gender,marital status,living condition,education level,self-rated health condition,chronic disease condition and life satisfaction all affected the economic and material support of the elderly in rural areas(P<0.05);gender,age,marital status,living status,education level,self-rated health status and chronic diseases affected the mental and emotional support of the elderly in rural areas(P<0.05);regional,marital status,education level self-rated health status and physical disability status all affect social interaction support of the elderly in rural areas(P<0.05);regional,marital status and education level have an impact on the social security support of the elderly in rural areas(P<0.05).Conclusion1.The level of social support for the elderly in China's rural areas needs to be improved.Social support has an important impact on their physical and mental health and quality of life,and should be widely concerned by all sectors of society.2.Regional,age,gender,marital status,living conditions,education level,self-rated health status,chronic disease status and life satisfaction are the main factors that affect the level of social support of the elderly in rural China.We should mobilize multiple forces and strengthen response strategies from the individual,family,society and government to improve the social support of the elderly in rural China health and quality of life. |
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