Relationship Between The Aqueous Levels Of Cytokines And Cataract In Diabetic Patients

Objective: To investigate the changes of concentrations of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor(VEGF),Placental Growth Factor(PLGF),Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor(bFGF),Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor B(VEGF-B),Interleukin-8(IL-8),Interleukin-10(IL-10)and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1(VCAM-1)in aqueous humor of Diabetes mellitus with cataract,and to analyze their relationship with cataract of diabetic patients.Methods:Selected 14 diabetic patients with cataract who underwent surgical treatment as the experimental group,and selected 35 senile cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery in the same period as the cataract group in the hospital from October 2017 to February 2018.History of intraocular surgery,glaucoma,uveitis,proliferative diabetic retinopathy,and systemic diseases(such as autoimmune diseases and malignant tumors)were excluded.If both eyes were operated,only the first eye was included.The study was approved by the ethics committee of the hospital and all participants signed informed consent forms.All the patients conduct a comprehensively ophthalmological examinations(including best corrected visual acuity,fundus examination after pupil dilation,slit lamp examination,ophthalmology ultrasound,fundus photography,OCT,lens classification using LOCS III grading standard),preoperative collection of fasting venous blood and intraoperativecollection of aqueous humor.Using Cytometric Bead Array(CBA)to detect IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,VCAM-1,bFGF,and using enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)to detect VEGF-B and PLGF.Independent sample t test was used for comparison of the data with normal distribution between the two groups,and non-normal distribution data was used for comparison with non-parametric test,P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to detect the correlation aqueous humour levels of IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,bFGF,PLGF,VCAM-1 and VEGF-B with cortical opacity,nuclear opacityand posterior subcapsular opacity in both groups.Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to detect the correlation serum levels of IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,bFGF,PLGF,VCAM-1 and VEGF-B with cortical opacity,nuclear opacityand posterior subcapsular opacity in both groups.Results:No correlation was found between serum level of cytokines and cortical opacity,nuclear opacity,Posterior subcapsular opacity in both groups.The concentration of VCAM-1 in aqueous humor was negatively correlated with nuclear opacity(r=-0.61,P=0.02),othercytokines in aqueous humor were not correlated with cortical opacity nuclear opacity and posterior subcapsular opacity in the experimental group.In the experimental group concentrations of IL-8 and VEGF in aqueous humor were higher than those in the cataract group(P<0.05),Also there was no correlation was found between aqueous humour level of IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,bFGF,PLGF,VCAM-1,VEGF-B and cortical opacity,nuclear opacity,posterior subcapsular opacity in the cataract group.Conclusions: The changes of cytokines in the eyes of diabetic patients with cataract and cataract patients were different.The concentration of VCAM-1 in aqueous humor of diabetic patients was negatively correlated with the nuclear opacity,and VCAM-1 may act as protective factor for nuclear cataract.There is indeed inflammation in the eyes of diabetic patients.