Analysis Of Related Factors Of Macular Edema After Cataract Surgery In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Purpose: To investigate the incidence of macular edema and the recovery of visual acuity in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus after phacoemulsification,and analyze the influence of age,gender,diabetes course,with or without diabetic retinopathy,preoperative blood glucose level and hypoglycemic drugs,insulin use on the occurrence of macular edema after surgery,so as to provide references for disease control and timely intervention in the future.Methods: The cases of cataract patients were retrospectively analyzed who underwent phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation in the Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shihezi University from June 2017 to June 2020.There were 117 cases(117 eyes)of simple cataract and 226 cases(226 eyes)of cataract combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The incidences of macular edema between the two groups were compared.Secondly,by analyzing the gender,age,duration of diabetes,preoperative blood glucose level,glycosylated hemoglobin,whether combined with hypertension,hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease,ordiabetic retinopathy,and whether usinginsulin in patients with cataract combined with type 2 diabetes throughsingle factor analysis,the possible influencing factors of postoperative macular edema(ME)in patients with cataract combined with type 2 diabetes were concluded.These possible influencing factors were further analyzed throughthe binary logistic multivariate regression for the related factors of macular edema(ME)after cataract surgery in patients with combined type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Results: The incidences of postoperative macular edema(ME)were 18.80% in the simple cataract group and 45.13% in the cataract group combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.001).The sex(P=0.771),body mass index(BMI)(P=0.993)and preoperative fasting blood glucose level(P=0.921)of patients in the cataract group combined with type 2 diabetes were not related to the occurrence of macular edema after surgery(P> 0.05)..Whether combined with hyperlipidemia(P=0.002),hypertension(P=0.007),ordiabetic retinopathy(P=0.003),and whether using insulin(P=0.019),age(P=0.019),duration of diabetes mellitus(P<0.001)and glycated blood protein(P<0.001)were the relevant influencing factors for the occurrence of macular edema after surgery in the cataract group combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and the differences were statistically significant.The independent risk factor for postoperative macular edema(ME)in the cataract group combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus were diabetic retinopathy(P=0.039),hypertension(P=0.034),hyperlipidemia(P=0.023),long duration of diabetes(P=0.001),and high of glycosylated hemoglobin(P<0.001),and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion: 1.The incidence of postoperative macular edema(ME)in cataract group with type 2 diabetes mellitus is higher than that in simple cataract group;2.In the cataract group with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with diabetic retinopathy,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,long course of disease,and high of glycated hemoglobin were independent risk factors for postoperative macular edema(ME).