| Objective:The purpose of this study was to understand the current situation of mobile phone use and addiction among nursing students,and to explore the mechanism of anxiety,depression and cognitive tendency affecting mobile phone addiction among nursing students.To implement short-term Baduanjin health education to intervene in mobile phone addiction of nursing students.So as to provide suggestions or enlightenment for nursing students to manage their emotions,construct reasonable cognition and use mobile phones intelligently and autonomously.Method:This study is divided into two parts.The first part is the current situation survey:During the course of Psychiatric Nursing in March 2018,1146 nursing students were selected from two universities in Shanxi by cluster sampling to conduct a questionnaire survey.The status quo of mobile phone addiction among nursing students was investigated by using General Data Questionnaire,The mobile phone addiction index,Self-rating Anxiety Scale,Self-rating Depression Scale,Cognitive Appraisal Orientation Test.To analyze and discuss the relationship between cognitive tendency(optimistic tendency and pessimistic tendency)and anxiety and depression,and to provide theoretical basis for intervention.The second part of the intervention study:From the baseline survey,two comparable classes were selected as the intervention objects.The mobile phone addicts in the two classes(classes as units)were randomly divided into experimental group(162 people)and control group(152 people)by coin flipping method.According to the baseline level of the survey,we compiled the"Cognitive and Baduanjin Health Education Program"based on nursing,psychology,behavioral science and traditional Chinese medicine.The two groups received different forms and contents of intervention.The experimental group received eight thematic health education plus continuous Baduanjin behavior training intervention;the control group received only eight thematic health education.A new topic of health education is distributed to students in electronic form every week,supervised by class cadres,and the contents of health education are interpolated and repeated in the course;Baduanjin exercises five days a week,twice a day,about 20-30 minutes each time,and evaluates its effect at the end of the course at 2 months(end of intervention),4 months(follow-up),and 6 months(follow-up).The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 21.0.Chi-square test was used for qualitative data,independent sample t-test was used for quantitative data,correlation was used for factor relationship,and structural equation model was used for mediation.Result:1.Survey results:(1)Among the 1146 nursing students surveyed,100%of them used mobile phones.Most of them used mobile phones at an average of 4-5.9h/d.14%of them used mobile phones mainly for learning,50.3%for entertainment and 35.7%for social interaction.The lowest score of mobile phone addiction was 17,and the highest score was 79.The total average score was(41.10+10.13).617 people were mobile phone addicts,the detection rate of mobile phone addiction was 53.84%:male students accounted for 2.1%,female students accounted for 51.7%;urban nursing students accounted for 23.9%,rural nursing students accounted for 29.9%;undergraduate students accounted for 26.4%,professional upgrade accounted for27.4%.(2)Anxiety and depression mediated the relationship between optimism,pessimism and mobile phone addiction.The fitting index was:anxiety mediated model,c~2=57.902,df=10,c~2/df=5.790,GFI=0.970,TLI=0.936,CFI=0.970,AGFI=0.960,RMSEA=0.065;models mediated by depression,c~2=54.004,df=10,c~2/df=5.400,GFI=0.987,TLI=0.955,CFI=0.978,AGFI=0.963,RMSEA=0.062?Among them,through multi-group analysis,the moderating role of education and residence in the middle of the model.2.Intervention results:(1)Before intervention,there was no significant difference in scores of mobile phone addiction,anxiety,depression and cognitive tendency between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05).There was comparability between the two groups.(2)After short-term intervention,there were significant differences in time effect and group effect between the four time points before intervention,after intervention,two months after intervention(follow-up)and four months after intervention(follow-up)(P<0.01),and there were interactions.The scores of mobile phone addiction in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group.(3)The difference between the two groups showed that there was no significant difference in the intervention measures between the experimental group and the control group at 2 months of intervention(P>0.05);at 4 months of follow-up,there were significant differences in the total score of mobile phone addiction and the dimensions of withdrawal,uncontrollability and inefficiency between the experimental group and the control group(P<0.05).It can be concluded that the improvement was caused by the intervention of Baduanjin and was avoided.There was no significant difference in sex dimension(P>0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,there were significant differences in the total score of mobile phone addiction and the dimensions of withdrawal,uncontrollability,inefficiency and avoidance between the experimental group and the control group(P<0.001).It can be concluded that the training intervention of Baduanjin for college students with mobile phone addiction is effective,and Baduanjin may have a certain continuity effect.Conclusion:1.The detection rate of mobile phone addiction among nursing students is high.Cognitive tendency can directly predict mobile phone addiction,and it can also influence mobile phone addiction through the mediation of emotion.Establishing correct cognitive concepts,effectively managing negative emotions and reducing anxiety and depression are conducive to improving the incidence of mobile phone addiction.2.After two groups of intervention,the scores of mobile phone addiction in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,but the short-term effect of Baduanjin intervention was not obvious,which was the same as the intervention effect of"Cognitive and Baduanjin Health Education Program".However,after follow-up,it was found that long-term Baduanjin training was conducive to improving stable mood,thus assisting the improvement of mobile phone addiction. |
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