| The period of the Republic of China was a major period for the turning of Chinese society and a period of widespread epidemics of infectious diseases in China.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has been repeatedly invaded by infectious diseases during this period,and epidemics occur every year.From the time point of view,there were three epidemic peaks in the 38 years of the Republic of China,and 80%of the annual epidemic types were 5 or more.Cholera was the most widely spread,and the number of smallpox was the longest.From the seasons,the summer and autumn seasons are the seasons with frequent epidemics,followed by spring and winter.From the perspective of the area affected by the epidemic,the frequency of epidemics in Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei,the extent of epidemic disasters,and the density of epidemic disasters are all high.The thickness of epidemic disasters in Beijing and Tianjin is also high,and Hebei is slightly lower.In terms of counties,the frequency of epidemics in Beijing was the highest,followed by Tianjin County.The spatial clustering analysis of Arcgis Getis-ord Gi*found four statistically significant agglomeration areas,with Beijing and Tianjin as the center,forming a high-risk area of spindle-shaped epidemic;the Tangshan-Qinhuangdao area formed a high-incidence area of U-type epidemic The area near Zhangjiakou forms a triangular epidemic area;the Shijiazhuang-Baoding area forms a circular epidemic area.Using the median center and standard deviation ellipse analysis,it is found that the center of the epidemic in the whole Republic of China is distributed in Xinzhen County.The spread of the epidemic is northeast and southwest,which is affected by urban distribution,population movement and geographical location.The analysis of individual epidemics found that cholera occurred mainly in port cities and spread to nearby areas.Smallpox mainly occurred in densely populated areas.Diphtheria was mainly distributed in central cities and nearby areas.The incidence of dysentery was more dispersed than other diseases.The occurrence of plague is mainly caused by the epidemic source and the railway transportation center.From the perspective of natural factors,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has a large population and dense population,which is convenient for the outbreak and infection of the epidemic.In the climate,summer is hot and rainy,which is good for breeding bacteria and viruses.Natural disasters occur frequently,and water,drought and floods occur almost simultaneously,making them a suitable environment for bacterial growth.The natural epidemic of plague makes epidemiological disasters cyclical and repetitive.In terms of social factors,population movements have accelerated the spread of infectious diseases.Modern modes of transport such as trains and ships have facilitated the spread of infectious diseases.War is a catalyst for the plague.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was ravaged by war during the Republic of China and was repeatedly attacked by infectious diseases caused by war.Poor sanitation in the city,poor health concepts and improper living habits may trigger epidemics.In the construction of public health system,it is mainly the construction of administrative system,epidemic prevention system and service system.Whether the health administration is sound,the service system is perfect,and the epidemic prevention system is in place is crucial for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.The construction of the three systems has gradually established the modern health cause.Accompanied by this is the change in the public health awareness of the social elite,the government and the general public.The social elite has always been at the forefront of public health,guiding the whole society to understand public health;the government is the main force in the construction of health,building the basic framework of public health;ordinary people gradually recognize public health concepts,change their habits,is the Republic of China Great progress in public health. |
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