| Objective: To study the current situation of pregnancy stress and job burnout in pregnant women,and analyze the related influencing factors of pregnancy stress and job burnout,so as to explore the relationship between pregnancy stress,job burnout,anxiety and depression further.Methods: This study recruited 496 pregnant women who were willing to participate in this survey in the outpatient department of a 3A hospital in Anhui province from August 2017 to August 2018.After eliminating invalid questionnaires,442 valid questionnaires were eventually recovered.The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the general information of pregnant women,including age,education level,occupation,the situation of overnight shift work,total income of family monthly,adverse pregnancy history,fertility situation,etc.Specific measurement tools included: Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale(PSRS),Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),They were used to evaluate the pregnancy stress,job burnout,anxiety and depression of pregnant women.SPSS23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results: 1.General information of pregnant women: the average age of 442 respondents was(29.66±3.89),ranging from 22 to 42 years old.391 respondents had a junior college education or above,accounting for 88.46% of the total.The average pregnant week was(25.43± 8.68),and 293 women were first pregnant,accounting for 66.29% of the total.There were 113 respondents of overnight shift work,accounting for 25.57% of the total.2.The current situation of pregnancy stress and the related influencing factors: among the 442 pregnant women,17 respondents(3.85%)had no stress,297 respondents(67.19%)had mild stress,117 respondents(26.47%)had moderate stress,and 11 respondents(2.49%)had severe stress.The median total pregnancy stress score of the pregnant women was 0.70,which was at the level of mild stress.The number one of pregnancy stress were the stressor 2 which was induced by ensuring the health and safety of mother and child and the stressor 3 which was induced by changes in body shape and physical activity,and the median scores were all 1.00.Six of the top 10 stressors were associated with worrying about the health and safety of mother and child,and the other four stressors were associated with worrying about the changes in physical appearance and activity.After univariate analysis,it was found that the effect of children were not born and working years on pregnant women's pregnancy stress was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there were significant differences between whether or not children were born,depersonalization,low personal achievement,anxiety and depression in pregnancy stress(P<0.05).3.The current situation of job burnout of pregnant women and the related influencing factors: the average values of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and low personal achievement of 442 pregnant women were(2.04±1.34),(2.01±1.10)and(2.46±1.55),which were generally at a low level.18.55% of the pregnant women had relatively severe emotional exhaustion,and 2.49% of them had very severe emotional exhaustion.13.12% of the pregnant women had relatively serious depersonalization,and 1.36% of them had very serious depersonalization.38.01% of the pregnant women had relatively severe low personal achievement,and 4.75% of them had very severe low personal achievement.After univariate analysis,it was found that the influence of education level,occupation,employment mode,family monthly income,overnight shift work and the pregnant weeks on emotional exhaustion of pregnant women was statistically significant(P<0.05).The influence of age,education level,occupation,employment mode,family monthly income and overnight shift work on depersonalization of pregnant women was statistically significant(P<0.05).The influence of education level,occupation on low personal achievement of pregnant women was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there were differences between occupation,family monthly income,overnight shift work,pregnancy stress and anxiety in emotional exhaustion(P<0.05).The variables of education level,overnight shift work,pregnancy stress and anxiety were different in depersonalization(P<0.05).The variables of education level,occupation,pregnancy stress and depression were different in low personal achievement(P<0.05).4.Correlation between pregnancy stress,job burnout,anxiety and depression: Pregnancy stress was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,anxiety and depression.Job burnout had positive correlation with anxiety and depression.Conclusion: Pregnancy stress and job burnout of pregnant women were generally at a low level,but the incidence is not low.and the levels of anxiety and depression were higher than the domestic norm."Worrying about whether the baby can be born safely" was the biggest pressure source.Children were not born,depersonalization,low personal achievement,anxiety and depression were the factors affecting pregnancy stress.Occupation and family monthly income,overnight shift work,education level,pregnancy stress,anxiety,depression had a direct impact on job burnout.Pregnancy stress was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,anxiety and depression.Job burnout had positive correlation with anxiety and depression.Therefore,we should do a good job in emotional management of pregnant women firstly to reduce their anxiety and depression symptoms,and give them targeted guidance according to each pregnant woman's individual situation.Only in this way pressure of pregnancy can be alleviated more effectively,and at the same time job burnout be reduced. |
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