The Vision Status Of Primary And Middle School Students From Visual Health-Management Schools In Wuhan And An Analysis On Its Influencing Factors

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of poor vision,refractive status and correlative environmental and behavioral influencing factors among primary and middle school students in Wuhan,analyze the trend of uncorrected visual acuity,and explore the effective measures to prevent poor vision.Methods:A stratified cluster sampling method was taken to select a total of 92primary and middle schools from 17 urban districts.Measurements of uncorrected vision were examined by ophthalmologists using the Standard Logarithmic Visual Acuity E Chart and DK-10 phoropter.Questionnaires were applied to acquire environmental and behavioral factors affecting eyesight.The statistical software SPSS13.0 was used to make data analysis among primary and middle school students in Wuhan.Results:1.Altogether 222998 students underwent eyesight examination from 2015 to2016 academic years,of which 111395 students were poor vision(50.0%).The poor vision ratios in 2015 and 2016 academic years were 51.2%and 48.7%,respectively.The difference was significanct(?~2=136.727,P<0.001).The poor vision ratio was reduced by 2.5%.The poor vision ratio of the middle school students(79.4%)was higher than the primary school students(38.2%),the difference was significanct(?~2=30842.583,P<0.001).The poor vision ratio increased by the grade,the difference was significanct(trend?~2=49754.275,P<0.001).2.Among the 77852 objects who underwent refractive examination from 2015 to2016 academic years,68522 students were detected refractive error,the ratio was up to 88.0%.Of which,35008 students were myopia(45.0%),10973 students were hyperopia(14.1%),19307 students were astigmatism(24.8%),3234 students were anisometropia(4.2%).The ratio of refractive error in 2015 academic year(79.7%)was lower than that in 2016 academic year(96.1%),the difference was significanct(?~2=4964.871,P<0.001).3.The myopia ratio of those children whose parents were myopia was 55.2%,and the myopia ratio of those children whose parents were non-myopia was 41.9%,the difference was significant(?~2=992.588,P<0.001).4.Multiple logistic regression showed that,the duration of near work longer than45 minutes(OR=1.536,95%CI=1.485~1.589),using electronic equipments frequently(OR=1.192,95%CI=1.150~1.236),and poor dietary habits(OR=1.611,95%CI=1.559~1.665)were independent risk factors of myopia.5.The average of uncorrected visual acuity from 2014 to 2016 academic years were 4.771±0.333,4.701±0.359 and 4.609±0.395,the difference was significant(F=1134.760,P<0.001).Conclusions:The prevalence of poor vision among primary and middle school students in Wuhan was at a high state.The detectable rates of poor vision differed among learning stages,urban districts,schools and gender.Compared with 2015academic year,the detectable rate of poor vision decreased in 2016 academic year.Both genetic factors and environmental and behavioral factors played roles in the development of myopia.To prevent poor vision among primary and middle school students,a series of measures should be carried out,such as regularly inspecting vision status,improving home and school visual environments,encouraging students to develop good behaviors.