Comparison Of Oral Health Behaviors,Distribution Of Candida Albicans In The Dental Plaque And Early Childhood Caries In Zhuang And Han Children In Baise

ObjectiveTo compare the distribution differences of oral health behaviors,carriage of Candida albicans(C.albicans)in dental plaque and caries between Zhuang and Han children aged 3~5,in Baise,to explore whether nation would be a factor related to children's oral health outcomes,providing theoretical foundation for oral health promotion of children in Baise.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Baise.Total of 392 children aged 3~5 were rolled,and 196 of them were Zhuang,and 196 of them were Han.A questionnaire was used to collect the information of demographics,socioeconomics and oral health behaviors of these children.Diagnostic criteria of dental caries proposed by WHO was used to examine the children's caries status.Dental plaque samples of the total 392 children were also collected.Candida albicans was cultured and identified by CHROM agar candida medium,and further identified by biochemical and PCR method.The distribution of oral health behaviors,carriage of Candida albicans in the dental plaque,as well as caries between different nationalities were compared by single factor analysis method.Multiple logistic regression was used to determine whether nationalities would be a related to oral health behaviors,carriage of oral Candida albicans and caries.Results1.Comparisons of oral health behaviors between Zhuang and Han: Results of single factor analysis showed that the frequencies of daily intake of orange juice/apple juice,and bedtime dessert/ sweet drinks of Zhuang children were significantly higher than those of Han(P=0.000)(41.8% VS.3.1%,74.0% VS.28.1%).Zhuang children began to brush their teeth at an earlier age than Han,and tooth brushing frequency was significantly higher than that of Han(P=0.000)(66.3% VS.19.4%).The frequency of parents who helped their children brush their teeth every day in Zhuang were 65.3%,while it was 24% among Han,and the difference between them was stactistically significant(P=0.000).Results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of daily consumption of orange juice/apple juice,bedtime desserts/ sweet drinks of Zhuang children were 9.519 and 3.938 times,respetively,higher than that of Han(95%CI=3.002 ~ 30.187,95%CI=2.321~ 6.682).Han children began to brush their teeth at an older age than Zhuang(95%CI=1.923 ~ 5.634),tooth brushing frequency was significantly lower than Zhuang(95%CI=3.010 ~ 8.216),and the frequency of parents helped their children to brush their teeth was lower than Zhuang(95%CI=1.737 ~ 4.762).In addition,other sociological factors were also significantly related to oral health behaviorsof children in Baise.2.Distribution of Candida albicans in dental plaque of Zhuang and Han: The Candida albicans detection rate of Zhuang and Han children in Baise were 40.8% and 29.1%.Results of single factor analysis showed that the detection rate of Candida albicans of Zhuang children(40.8%)was higher than that of Han(29.1%)(P = 0.015).The detection rate of Candida albicans for children who had bedtime dessert/sweet drinks(41%)was higher than that of children who did not eat dessert/sweet drinks before bedtime(28.6%)(P =0.000).Results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of Candida albicans carriage in dental plaque of children who had bedtime dessert/sweet drinks was 1.785 times as high as that of children who did not have dessert/sweet drinks before bedtime(95%CI = 1.168 ~ 2.728).3.Difference of dental caries between Zhuang and Han: The caries rate of Zhuang and Han children in Baise were 76.0% and 68.9%.Results of single factor analysis showed that the caries rate of children having bedtime dessert/ sweet drinks(77.5%)was significantly higher than that of children who did not have dessert/ sweet drinks before bedtime(67.2%)(P = 0.022).The prevalence of dental caries in children without Candida albicans(65.1%)was significantly lower than that with Candida albicans(86.1%)(P =0.000).Results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of dental caries in children with Candida albicans was 3.382 times that of children without Candida albicans(95%CI = 1.931 ~ 5.924).Conclusion1.Nation factor of Zhuang and Han was one of the important risk factors related to oral health behaviors iof children in Baise.It was suggested that we should provide precise and personalized programs for oral health promotion of Zhuang and Han children.2.Nation factor of Zhuang and Han was not related to the carriage of Candida albicans and dental caries.Having dessert/sweet drinks before bedtime was associated with the carriage of Candida albicans in dental plaque,while the carriage of Candida albicans was also link to dental caries,indicating that parents should help the children to establish good oral habits,especially having no dessert/sweet drinks before bedtime to reduce the risk of dental caries.