| Objective: To explore the possible influencing factors of infantile eczema in Wuhu,to improve the awareness and health education ability of children health care workers on eczema and to provide strategies and measures for health education of infants and eczema population.Methods: Selecting eczema infants and normal infants aged 0~24 months old in Wuhu Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital child health clinic and Community health service center as the objects of investigation.Questionnaire survey and laboratory examination were conducted,and the main contents of the survey were general situation,dietary factors,genetic factors,living environment and so on.Using SAS software for statistical univariate and multivariate analysis of the risk factors of infantile eczema.Results: According to the diagnostic criteria of eczema in infants,there were 294 cases of infants with eczema and 587 infants in control group.A total of 881 persons were collected in complete information investigation,among them,there were 505 boys(57.32%)and 376 girls(42.68%).The age distribution was: 0~6 months old,244(27.70%),307 months(34.85%),7~12 month old,330 months(37.45%),there was no significant difference in the prevalence of sex and month between case group and control group(P>0.05).Analysis of related factors in infants after birth by univariate analysis,the incidence of case group some factors including breastfeeding,four months to add complementary,four months to add milk,use antibiotics after birth,exposure to smoking environmentafter birth,contact with stuffed toys after birth,cockroaches in the home and humid living conditions were higher than the control group.Case group and control group comparison: breastfeeding exposure rate were 249/45 and 554/33,OR=0.33,four months to add complementary exposure rate was 115/179 and 146/441,OR=1.94,four months to add milk powder exposure rate were 272/22 and 504/83,OR=2.04,use antibiotics after birth exposure rate was 184/110 and 299/288,OR=1.61,cockroaches in the home exposure rate was 67/227 and 93/494,OR=1.57,contact smoking environment after birth exposure rate were 156/138 and 248/339,OR=1.55,contact plush toys after birth exposure rate was 132/162 and 215/372,OR=1.41,tand humid living conditions exposure rate was 25/269 and 15/572,OR=3.54,The differences were statistical significance(P<0.05).Analysis on the related factors of mother's period of pregnancy and childbirth by univariate analysis,the incidence of case group some factors including exposure to smoking environment during pregnancy,use of antibiotics during pregnancy and delivery mode for caesarean section were higher than control group.The incidence of shrimp and shellfish consumption during pregnancy,peanut consumption during pregnancy,and fish during pregnancy were lower than those in the control group.Case group and control group comparison,contact environment smoking during pregnancy exposure rate were 128/166 and 178/409,OR=1.77,use of antibiotics during pregnancy exposure rate was 51/243 and 55/532,OR=2.03,and the differences were statistical significance(P<0.05).eat shrimp and shellfish during pregnancy exposure rate were150/144 and 347/240,OR=0.72,eat peanuts during pregnancy exposure rate were251/43 and 431/56,OR=0.76,eat fish during pregnancy exposure rate were 195/99 and410/177,OR=0.85,The differences were statistical significance(P<0.05).Using genetic correlation factor analysis by univariate analysis,Father allergy history and maternal allergy history rate of case group is higher than the control group.twogroups of comparison,mother allergy exposure rate was 82/212 and 123/464,OR=1.46,and the father the incidence of allergy exposure rate was 83/211 and 114/473,OR=1.63,The differences were statistical significance(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that four months to add complementary(OR=1.729,95%CI[1.252,2.388]),wet living environment(OR=3.400,95%CI[1.682,6.874]),father has a history of allergies(OR=1.662,95%CI[1.170,2.360]),four months to add milk(OR=2.259,95%CI[1.297,3.935]),Antibiotics are used after birth(OR=1.401,95%CI[1.029,1.908]),the use of antibiotics during pregnancy(OR=1.661,95%CI[1.061,2.601])and smoking exposure during pregnancy(OR=1.751,95%CI[1.280,2.395])are possible risk factors of infantile eczema,while breasfeeding(OR=0.365,95%CI[0.220,0.607]),often eating shrimp and shellfish during pregnancy(OR=0.519,95%CI[0.360,0.748])are possible protective factors of infant eczema.Conclusion: Wet living environment,four months of adding supplementary food,using antibiotics,four months to add milk,exposuring to smoking environment during pregnancy and father's history of allergies are the possible risk factors of infant eczema.Postnatal breastfeeding,often eating shrimp and shellfish during pregnancy are the possible protective factors for infantile eczema. |
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