Study On Temperament Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Infants Aged 4?36 Months In Wuhan

Objectives1.To understand the temperament dimension and type distribution of infants in Wuhan from 4 to 36 months.2.To explore the specificity of the temperament characteristics of infants in wuhan by comparing with the temperament norms of infants of the same age in China.3.Analyze the influencing factors of infant temperament,so as to provide a basis for behavioral intervention of children with temperamental disorders,improve the level of children's health care in this region,and promote children's physical and mental health.MethodThis study is part of a study in the Health Birth Cohort Study(HBC)in Wuhan.Taking a medical care center in Wuhan as a survey point,temperament assessments were performed on infants and young children aged 4 to 36 months who underwent health checkups from April 2015 to September 2016 and from September 2018 to October 2018.A total of 639 infants and young children completed the temperament assessment,including 317 infants and 322 toddlers.TQS Children's Temperament Assessment System developed by Chengdu Meiou Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.,"4-11 months baby temperament questionnaire","12-36 months infant temperament questionnaire" and selfedited "infant basic situation and family rearing environment questionnaire" surveyed the basic situation of infants and young children,the scores of 9 temperament dimensions,4 types and their influencing factors.Descriptive statistical analysis of infants and children's basic conditions,infant temperament types and temperament dimensions;using ?2 test,Fisher exact probability method,multi-factor disordered multi-class logistic regression analysis,screening factors affecting temperament type;using t test,variance Analysis,Spearman correlation,multiple linear stepwise regression and other methods to screen out the influencing factors of the temperament dimension.Results1.A total of 639 valid samples were obtained(372 males and 267 females),including infants groups: 14 cases(4.4%)of difficulty type,24 cases(4.6%)of slow up to warm type,and 129 cases(40.7%)of easy type.150 cases(47.3%)of intermediate type,toddler groups: 4 cases(1.2%)of difficulty type,12 cases(3.7%)of slow up to warm type,153 cases(47.5%)of easy type,and 153 cases(47.5%)of intermediate type,both of which are intermediate and easy type to account for the majority.There are significant differences in the temperament types of infants of different ages.With age,the temperament type changes from difficult to nutrient to easy to maintain.In addition to the regularity and intensity,the differences in temperament dimensions of different ages were statistically significant.In the 9 temperament dimensions of the infant group,only the approachwithdrawal had gender differences,while in the toddler group,only the activity level and persistence had gender differences.2.There are significant differences between the temperament dimension and the norm of children of the same age in the country: infant group,the scores of six dimensions,including approach-withdrawal and adaptability,were significantly different from the national norms,and the approach-withdrawal,adaptability,and distractibility scores are higher than the norm;In the toddler group,the scores of the nine temperament dimensions were significantly different from the national norm,and the regularity,approachwithdrawal,persistence,and sensory threshold scores were higher than the norm.3.The statistically relevant factors affecting infant temperament types are as follows:(1)Infant group: Compared with the easy temperament,the mother's education level is the risk factor of difficulty temperament(OR=0.17),difficulty falling asleep(OR=6.33),daytime sleep time(OR=0.44),nighttime sleep time(OR=0.55)are the protective factors of difficult temperament;mother's education level(OR=4.13),daytime sleep time(OR=1.32),nighttime sleep time(OR=1.62)is the risk factor for slow up to warm temperament,difficulty falling asleep(OR=0.38))is a protective factor for the slow up to warm temperament;the mother's educational level is a risk factor for intermediate temperament(OR = 2.65).(2)toddler group: Compared with the easy temperament,daytime sleep time(OR=0.05)and nighttime sleep time(OR=0.04)are protective factors of difficulty temperament;difficulty falling asleep(OR=0.19)and nighttime sleep time(OR=0.51)are the protective factor of slow up to warm temperament;the parity was the protective factor of the intermediate temperament(OR=0.34).4.The statistically relevant factors affecting the temperament dimension of infants are:(1)infant group:parental occupation,maternal age,maternal education level,family annual income,infant gender,birth gestational age,parity,feeding method,difficulty falling asleep,daytime sleep time.(2)toddler group:main caretaker,family annual income,infant sex,birth weight,gestational age,parity.ConclusionsThe temperament types of infants in Wuhan are mostly intermediate and easy;There are significant differences between the temperament dimension and the national norm.The characteristics of the negative temperament dimension of wuhan infants are not easy to adapt to the new environment,the rhythm is poor,and the response threshold is high.,should be further searched reasons,if necessary,formulate the temperament model of infants and babies in Wuhan;infant temperament is affected by factors such as its own related factors,family environment,sleep behavior,etc.Therefore,maternal and child health care should be strengthened to raise parents' attention to infant temperament and understand their own Children's temperament characteristics and living environment,adopt a "good adaptation" mode of care,so that children's temperament and environment "adapt to good" and promote children's physical and mental health.