A Nested Case-control Study On Risk Factors Of Eczema In Uygur And Han Infants

Objective:1)To assess the incidence of infant eczema in the Uygur nationalities and Han nationalities;2)Analysis genetic,Mother's diet in the period of pregnancy and lactation,infant feeding and environment and other factors were related to the infant eczema in the Uygur nationalities and Han nationalities.Methods:In a nested case-control study,528 pregnant women were followed up to 6 months after their babies were born.And the two groups'information of mothers and infants were investigated.According to the mothers'allergy history,babies food supplement time before the age of 4months,attributable risk was calculated and the incidence of infant eczema was compared.The infants with eczema for the first time in the cohort were selected as the eczema group,and the infants without eczema were classified as the control group.Through retrospective analysis,the risk factors of eczema in infants in Uygur nationalities and Han nationalities were obtained.Results:1)The Infants were followed up to 6 months after their birth,the cumulative incidence of eczema between Uygur nationalities and Han nationalities was different(39.16%v 52.83%,x~2=9.49,P=0.002).In the cumulative incidence of eczema about infants of different months of age,infants aged 0~1 months and 4~6 months between Uygur nationalities and Han nationalities were no significant difference(13.65%v 14.23%,6.24%v 5.77%,x~2=0.078,P=0.78),However,the cumulative incidence of eczema in Han nationalities infants aged 2~3 months is much higher than that of Uygur nationality infants aged 2~3 months(20.27%v33.85%,x~2=4.172,P=0.041)2)The Non-conditional Logistic regression results showed that nationality,mothers with a high education level,mothers with allergic history,infants supplemented with supplementary food before the age of 4 months,Pregnant women who were often passive smoking,Cesarean delivery,Pregnant women who often added probiotics during pregnancy,the frequency of Pregnant women who add vitamin D,and the first milk for breastfeeding after infants birth,all of these OR values were 1.666?5.709?29.724?8.290?2.729?1.734,0.079?0.095 and 0.316 respectively,which were significant difference(P<0.05).There was an interaction between mother's regular consumption of sensitized food and mixed feeding of infants(OR=2.839,P<0.05).There was also an Interactions between pregnant women living in houses with decoration times of less than 1 year during pregnancy and passive smoking during pregnancy(0R=12.307,P<0.05).The results of attributable risk were shown that the genetic factors,the incidence of eczema in the exposed group was86.39%,significantly higher than that of non-exposure 28.87%(P<0.001,AR=57.52%).In the infant feeding factors,the incidence of eczema in the exposed group was 64.63%,significantly higher than the non-exposure 41.34%(P<0.001,AR=23.29%).3)The non-conditional Logistic regression results of Uygur nationalities showed that mothers with allergy history,babies food supplement time before the age of 4 months,carpets used in the house,pregnant women who often added probiotics during pregnancy,the first milk for breastfeeding after infants birth,all of these OR values were 40.496?6.307?2.667?0.042 and 0.177 respectively,which were significant difference(P<0.05).4)The non-conditional Logistic regression results of Han nationalities showed that mothers with a high education level,mothers with allergic history,Cesarean delivery,Pregnant women who often added probiotics during pregnancy,the frequency of Pregnant women who add vitamin D,and the first milk for breastfeeding after infants birth,all of these OR values were 10.118?37.592?8.776?2.451?0.053 and 0.390 respectively,which were significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:1)The cumulative incidence of eczema in Uygur infants was lower than that of the Han nationalities 2)The mother's allergy history was the most important risk factor affecting infant eczema,and 57.52%infants eczema was caused by mother's allergy history.3)There were differences between the Uygur nationalities and the Han nationalities in the three risk factors of mother's high cultural level,Cesarean delivery and carpets used in the house.4)the occurrence of eczema in infants can be reduced by Supplementation of probiotics and vitamin D during pregnancy and the first milk for breastfeeding after infants birth.