Health Literacy And Its Influencing Factors And Internal Path Analysis Of Primary And Middle School Teachers In A City

Objective: Understand the current situation of teachers’ health literacy in primary and secondary schools in a city,analyze the influencing factors and the transformation of internal paths.For the relevant departments to in-depth study of the health literacy of teachers in primary and secondary schools,to further improve the primary and middle school teachers health education work related policies,to better carry out the primary and secondary school teachers health education and health promotion work to provide a reference.Methods: Randomly select a district of a city and adopt a stratified cluster sampling method to stratify primary and secondary school teachers according to the education stage.The sample size at each stratum was determined by stratified sampling in an equal proportion sampling method(P=0.559).Continuing stratification 4 was adopted for key schools,and cluster sampling was performed for the teachers in the selected schools.Using the “Chinese Citizens’ Health Literacy Questionnaire 2016”,which was uniformly compiled by the whole country,the teachers in their schools were surveyed in schools from December 2016 to March 2017.Teachers answered the questions on the spot,and the questionnaires were all recovered.100%.A total of 1,230 questionnaires were collected,including 1,226 valid questionnaires with an effective rate of 99.67%.The data was double-inputed with Epi Data3.0 software,and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS17.0 statistical software package,including descriptive statistical analysis,chi-square test,and Logistic regression analysis.The structural equation model was constructed by SPSSAMOS21.0.Results:1.The proportion of teachers in primary and secondary schools with health literacy is 42.9%.Among them,58.2% had basic knowledge and literacy,63.2% had healthy skills,and 32.5% had healthy lifestyles and behavioral literacy.It can be seen that the proportion of people with healthy skills and literacy is the highest,followed by basic knowledge and concepts,and the ratio with healthy lifestyle and behavioral literacy is the lowest.The knowledge rate of health knowledge,the mastery of health skills,and the formation rate of health behaviors were 80.3%,74.9%,and 72.9%,respectively.Among the six categories of health literacy,70.8% of primary and middle school teachers have a scientific outlook on health,69.9% have safety and emergency literacy,63.9% have health information literacy,and have basic medical literacy.45.3% of them had a chronic disease prevention literacy rate of 37.4%,and the proportion of infectious disease prevention and control literacy was 26.3%.It can be seen that teachers in primary and secondary schools have a relatively high proportion of scientific outlook on health,safety and first aid,and health information literacy,but they have a relatively low percentage of basic medical care,prevention of chronic diseases,and prevention and control of infectious diseases.2.The proportions of teachers with primary health education,primary school 5 education,and junior high school education were 36.9%,47.2%,and 48.3%,respectively.There were significant differences in the overall health literacy among teachers,and the rates of basic knowledge and concept literacy among teachers at different educational stages(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference between their healthy lifestyles and behavioral and health skills literacy levels(P> 0.05).3.The single-factor results showed that there was a significant difference in the overall health literacy rate among teachers in different education stages,types of teaching subjects,whether they were major schools and whether they were class teachers(P<0.05).In the three aspects of health literacy,there was a significant difference in the ratio of basic knowledge and concept attainment among teachers of different genders and education(P<0.05).Is there a healthy lifestyle and behavioral literacy among teachers in key schools? There was a significant difference(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in the rate of attainment of healthy skills literacy among teachers with different titles(P<0.05).The logistic regression analysis method(Forward LR)was used to analyze the multi-factors of primary and middle school teachers’ health literacy.The results showed that the overall health literacy of primary and secondary school teachers was significantly affected by the education stage,whether the key schools,whether they were class teachers and the types of teaching subjects.In the three aspects of health literacy,basic knowledge and concept literacy are significantly affected by gender and education;healthy lifestyle and behavioral literacy are significantly affected by whether or not the key schools;health skill literacy is significantly affected by the title.4.Based on the survey data of teachers’ health literacy in primary and secondary schools,this research shows that the basic model of knowledge is the basic part of the transformation model of health literacy,which translates directly into a healthy lifestyle and behavior,with the best effect(total effect = 1.699).The basic idea of indirect conversion to a healthy lifestyle and behavior has the best value(indirect effect = 0.383).Therefore,basic knowledge has a more positive effect on the formation of healthy lifestyles and behaviors.Conclusion:1.The primary school and secondary school teachers’ health literacy rate is relatively high,and there is a significant difference in the attainment rate of primary school and senior high school teachers’ health literacy.There is no significant difference in the attainment rate of health literacy among primary and high school teachers.The attainment rate of teachers’ health literacy increases with the increase of the education stage.The rate of attainment of health literacy among primary school teachers is significantly lower than that of elementary and high school teachers.In addition,there are basic knowledge,basic concepts,health skills,and healthy lifestyles and behaviors within the health literacy.Basic knowledge can directly affect healthy lifestyles and behaviors.It can also be indirect through basic concepts,health skills,and other pathways.Impact,in line with the "know-believe-line" theory.2.The health literacy of primary and secondary school teachers in this survey was significantly affected by the stage of education,whether the school was focused,whether it was a class teacher and the category of teaching subjects.3.The improvement of teachers’ health literacy level can make it take the correct behavior to maintain health,and at the same time it can spread relevant health knowledge to students.It has two meanings.Health education related organizations should formulate appropriate health literacy development plans,create a good supportive environment,promote teachers to actively strengthen their own health literacy,improve their self-management capabilities,and then improve their health literacy levels.