Screening Of Special Pollination Varieties Of New Apple Varieties 'Ruiyang' And 'Ruixue'

Apple is a cross-pollinated fruit tree crop with low self-pollination rate.If the pollination tree is unreasonable in production,it will have a great impact on the yield and quality of the main varieties.The selection of special pollination varieties has become a new trend in the construction of modern and efficient apple orchards in recent years.In this study,two new apple varieties,'Ruiyang' and 'Ruixue' cultivated by the Northwest A&F University,were selected for the flowering period of 31 apple germplasm resources,the pollination experiment was carried out with the varieties similar to the flowering period of 'Ruiyang' and 'Ruixue'.The comparative analysis of the effect of fruit setting rate and fruit quality after pollination was carried out,and the principal component analysis method was used to evaluate the 'Suiyang' and ' Ruixue's special pollination variety provides technical basis.The main results obtained are as follows:1.In the flowering survey of 31 apple germplasm resources in 3 places,it is seen that the special pollination varieties similar to those of 'Ruiyang' and 'Ruixue' have 'Dolgo','Xuelong','Red splender','Qiushi','Raddiant','Xuelai' etc.The common cultivars are 'Envy' and 'Qinguan' etc.2.From the survey of the inflorescence fruit rate after pollination of 9 varieties,it was found that among the varieties pollinated by 'Ruiyang',the highest fruit setting rate was 'Dolgo',followed by 'Red splender',and 'Qinguan' had the lowest fruit setting rate;For the pollination of 'Ruiyang',the highest rate of fruit set is 'Xuelong',followed by 'Qiushi',and 'Red splender' has the lowest rate of fruit set.3.The indicators related to the fruit quality of 'Ruiyang' and 'Ruixue' after pollination of 9 varieties were measured and analyzed by principal component analysis.It is initially seen that among the 7 special pollination varieties,'Raddiant','Red splender' and 'Dolgo' can be selected as 'Ruiyang' special pollination varieties,'Dolgo' and 'Xuelong' can be used exclusively for Ruixue Pollination varieties;2 cultivars 'Envy' and 'Qinguan' are not suitable as pollination varieties of 'Ruixue','Envy' can be used as 'Ruiyang' pollination variety.