Study On Screening Device For Wet Peanut Pods

Peanut is an important economic crop and oil crop in China.Its planting area ranks second in the world,and its total output ranks first in the world.The mechanized harvesting technology and mechanized harvesting level of peanuts are getting higher and higher.At present,the mechanized harvesting level of peanuts in China is low.According to statistics,the mechanization rate of peanut harvesting in China is only 30.2% in 2015,with segment harvesting and two harvesting.The research on peanut joint harvesting machinery is in its infancy,and the fresh pod cleaning technology is one of the key technologies to be overcome.The research content of this thesis is obtained by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,“Dynamic Damage Mechanism of Whole Peanut Picking and Research on Low Damage Picking Mechanism”(Project No.51575367)and National Key R&D Program “Intelligent Agricultural Equipment” Key Project “Intelligent Oil Crop Harvesting” Support for technology and equipment research and development(project number: 2016YFD0702100)project,based on the analysis of domestic and foreign peanut harvest mechanization technology,especially the research equipment of cleaning equipment,after the excavation and fruit picking operation of typical semi-feeding peanut combine harvester in China A composite flower pod seed screening device consisting of a chain rod,a drafter and a vibrating screen was developed and tested experimentally.The main research contents and conclusions of the thesis are as follows:(1)Determination of a composite flower pod screening device consisting of a chain rod,a drafter and a vibrating screen.The peanut harvesting machinery at home and abroad,especially the development of the cleaning device technology,the characteristics and the structural principle of the main harvesting machinery were analyzed.On this basis,the plan of the flower pod screening device was determined.(2)Study on the physical characteristics of typical varieties of flowers and pods.“Baisha 308”,“Iron Yinhua No.1” and “Tiehua 15” planted by Tieling City Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Liaoning Province were used as experimental materials: through the study on the composition of the fruit extracts of three varieties of peanuts during harvest.The results showed that the most common component of the extracted fruit extracts was the soil particles,which accounted for 16.11%,15.05% and 16.89% of the three varieties of exudates respectively.Through the measurement of the three-axis size of the three varieties of flowers,the results showed that the triaxial sizes of different varieties of peanut pods are different.Through the study of the friction coefficient of peanut pods of three varieties,it is found that the friction coefficient has a great relationship with the material and has little relationship with the peanut pod varieties.Based on the study of the depth of reticulation of peanut pods,the test range of reticulation depth was preliminarily determined.(3)Through the study on the water content of different types of peanuts,the results show that during the harvest period,the precipitation and the number of drying days after rain are the same: at the same time,the soil types with low to high water content are sand,Loam and clay,the first day after rain,the clay has 13.2% more moisture than the sand;with the increase of drying days after rain,the soil moisture content of the three types is decreasing,the fastest decline is the sand and the precipitation rate of sand.It is 65.6%;the slowest rate of water content decline is clay,the precipitation rate of clay is 46.5%;the tenth day after drying after rain,the moisture content of clay is only 1.6 percentage points lower than the moisture content on the first day after sand rain.(4)Studying the effects of soil type,soil drying time after raining,and the depth of netting on the effect of soil removal on the pods.The results showed that the order of effect on the soil removal of peanut pods was: soil type > soil drying time after rain > The degree of shade of the pods.(5)The design of key devices and components such as the chain device,the smashing device and the vibrating screen device in the screening device was completed.(6)Performance test study of peanut screening device.Through the single factor experimental study on the influence of crank speed,installation angle,amplitude and screen shape on the net fruit screening rate,it is found that the crank speed,installation angle and amplitude have a significant influence on the net fruit screening rate;crank speed,installation angle,amplitude For the test factors,the net fruit screening rate was used as the evaluation index,and the Box-Behnken test design method was used to obtain the data and analyze the data through software.The response surface method is used to analyze the influence of the interaction between the factors on the index.Based on the response surface optimization principle,the maximum net fruit screening rate is the purpose.The software analyzes all the points included in the model,and the software optimization can be used to know the most.The advantage lies in(222.78,3.52,3.37),that is,the crank speed is 222.78r/min,the installation angle is 3.52°,and the amplitude is 3.37 cm,the net fruit screening rate reaches the maximum value of 87.33%.Based on the test results,according to the actual conditions and conditions,the crank rotation number,installation angle and amplitude were set to 223r/min,3.5°and 3.4cm respectively.Three parallel tests were carried out,and the screening success rate was 87.32%.