| Peanut is an important oil crop, the total peanut planting area of China, representing the second in the world, the total output and total export volume occupies first place in the world, but in the whole process of the peanut harvest, there agricultural mechanization degree is low. At present, peanut harvesting machine has many types, according to the different types:shoveling and clamping combined (including belt clamp and clamping chain two), shovel chain combination type (also called for lifting rod chain), shovel sieve combination type (also called vibration sieve type), vibration shovel type. Which shoveling and clamping combined although there are laterally ordered put laying device, but there is a disadvantage of poor agronomic adaptability; shovel chain combined although the agronomic adaptability is strong, but there are laying disordered shortcomings; vibration rod and shovel sieve combined without laying device, the peanut plants scattered are laid on the ground. China’s peanut transceiver in use process in the presence of poor adaptability, to soil net, laying messy problems, a direct impact on the peanut field drying effect and the next step to pick up work, which restrict the development of peanut harvesting mechanization in China.Combined with the project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (project number 51575367) and the higher school subjects, some special research fund funded projects "(item number 20122103110009). In the original chain rod receiver based on, design development of the new flip slide gate laying type peanut harvesting machine, and to flip on laying device key components such as the parameters optimization design was carried out. This study on the basis of the erect type peanut, the physical model of the agronomic characteristics of Chinese peanut cultivation, peanut fruit stalk and the mechanical properties of peanut plant research as basis, making the first generation prototype, and the design and manufacture of flip-sliding grid orderly laying type peanut harvesting machine was studied in field experiments. According to the result of experiment and test process, and design improved second generation flip spreading type peanut harvesting machine. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) this study proposed in flip-sliding gate laying device of peanut plants reached "plant seedling and fruit take, pod to" laying method, not only to achieve the of peanut continuous, uniform, and ordered the put spread effect, but also to avoid the peanut and soil contact, in the process of two-stage harvesting, greatly improving the drying and air drying effect, for the second stage of the two-stage harvesting process pick-up pick fruit combined harvesting.(2) in our country chain rod type peanut harvester research foundation, proposed a flip-sliding gate laying method of a turning placement scheme according to flip laying type peanut that theoretical analysis and design of the machine. Firstly, the design of the transmission scheme, determine the transmission mode and transmission ratio; through to the reversal of the laying device working principle of peanut plants by force and kinematic analysis, to determine the turning device of the structure parameters and flipping wheel motion parameters.(3) in our country chain rod type peanut harvester research foundation, proposed a flip-sliding gate laying method of a turning placement scheme according to flip laying type peanut that theoretical analysis and design of the machine. Firstly, the design of the transmission scheme, determine the transmission mode and transmission ratio. Through to the reversal of the laying device working principle of peanut plants by force and kinematic analysis and the turning wheel device and sliding gate gather device structure parameters and flipping wheel motion parameters are determined.(4) Through to after landing peanut velocity influence on the spreading effect of the proposed placement in peanut plants in peanut plant floor level of absolute velocity of instantaneous velocity at or close to zero, is conducive to orderly laying. To this end, the movement of the peanut harvesting machine and the movement of the peanut plant on the receiving machine were analyzed, and the condition of "zero speed release" was obtained through the kinematic analysis. Based on the results of theoretical analysis, the design and manufacture of the first generation of the lifting chain rod type. Harvest performance test in Shenyang Agricultural University peanut test Tanaka, photography method is used to study the results show that:the flip on laying device, can effectively flip and ordered the laying of peanut plants function, can realize the expected laying process. Harvest performance test results show that:when the tractor velocity of 1.0 m-s-1, delivery chain rod rotating velocity 107 r-min-1, turning wheel speed is 75 r· min-1, peanut legacy rate< 0.1%, peanut orderly put spread rate of 92.8%, drop loss rate is 2.1%, pod upward rate of 72%, fruit injury rate of 1.5%, indicators meet the relevant requirements, to meet the needs of production(5) single factor test and orthogonal test were carried out respectively. To flip the laying type peanut collecting machine process of total loss rate, orderly shop rate discharge rate, leakage yield, burying seedling rate, toward the pod rate, to the soil for the evaluation of single factor tests, to design and manufacture of flip slip gate type peanut harvesting machine parameters of single factor test, through the analysis of the results of the single factor experiment show:tractor power output shaft speed, the tractor forward speed and the turning wheel speed is influence flip laying type peanut harvest machine indicators of significant influence factor. With the tractor output shaft speed, turning wheel speed, the machine forward speed as the experimental factors, with the total loss rate, the orderly placement rate as the test index, carried out two yuan three regression orthogonal test. Obtained the primary and secondary sequence of various factors, the quadratic polynomial regression model; through the nonlinear equation to calculate the optimal control method obtained in the loss rate of minimum and orderly shop put the highest rate when:tractor rear output shaft speed is 1000 r· min-1, turning wheel speed is 74 r· min-1, the speed of the tractor is 1.02 m · s-1. |
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