Design And Testing Of The Long Seedling Transport And Collection Device For Peanut Picking And Harvesting Machines

Peanut is one of the important oil crops in China,and it is of great significance to promote the full mechanization of peanut production to ensure food and oil security in China.Peanut seedlings have high nutritional value and are the major source for livestock breeding.Peanut seedling harvesting,usually after the completion of fruit picking peanut seedling shredding and then collected,low transport efficiency,shredded peanut seedlings produce dust.In order to promote the use of long peanut seedlings and improve the conveying and collecting efficiency,this study combines the actual situation in the main peanut producing areas of Henan Province and designs a peanut picker-harvester long seedling conveying and collecting device based on the existing peanut picker-harvester,and carries out the design of key component parameters and motion analysis.By using the FLUENT-EDEM coupling simulation method,the optimal combination of parameters to meet the best conveying efficiency requirements under working conditions is obtained.The best combination of parameters was obtained under the best conveying efficiency requirements.Through prototype tests,the operational performance of the machine was evaluated,and the long seedling conveying and collecting device was evaluated to meet the quality requirements of peanut picking and harvesting operations,providing reference for the high-quality development of peanut harvesting equipment technology.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)The design of the long seedling conveying scheme for peanut picking and harvesting machines was carried out according to the planting agronomy and growth characteristics of peanuts as well as the actual requirements of planting farmers for peanut harvesting.Two technical solutions for long peanut seedling transport and collection were proposed: mechanical and wind-fed.The design and structural modelling of the two technical solutions were carried out,and the two solutions were compared in terms of structure,transmission mode,reliability of the mechanism and working process and principle,etc.The final decision was made to use the wind-fed conveying and collecting device to convey and collect long peanut seedlings.(2)Adopting the technical solution of "spiral conveying + wind conveying",the key components of the long seedling conveying and collecting device were designed.On the basis of the original 4HZJ-2500 peanut picker and harvester,the key structural parameters of the spiral conveying device were designed;according to the gas conveying theory and combined with the material characteristics of peanut seedlings,the conveying fan and conveying channel were designed within the design parameters;the back-turning grass discharge scheme was adopted and the structural parameters of the grass box were determined.(3)By using the coupled FLUENT-EDEM simulation method,the effects of the parameters of the rotational speed of the screw conveyor,the wind speed of the conveyor fan and the feeding volume on the conveying efficiency were investigated,and the transport pattern of long peanut seedlings in the long seedling conveying and collecting device of the peanut picking and harvesting machine was obtained.Through simulation analysis,the order of influence of each factor on conveying efficiency is clarified and the best combination of parameters is determined.With the best combination of screw conveyor speed of 500r/min,conveying fan wind speed of 27m/s and feeding volume of 4kg/s,the predicted value of conveying efficiency of the long seedling conveying and collecting device can reach 1285kg/h,meeting the design requirements.(4)Trial production of the long seedling conveying and collecting device and performance testing of the peanut picking and harvesting machine prototype.With reference to the relevant standards,the conveying efficiency was evaluated under the conditions of the optimum combination of parameters of screw conveying device speed,conveying fan air speed and feeding volume to verify the results of the simulation analysis.Based on the optimal combination of parameters,the average conveying efficiency of the peanut picker harvester was 1242.71 kg/h.The relative error between the experimental value of conveying efficiency and the predicted value of the simulation was 3.29%.This provides a theoretical basis and technical support for improving the long peanut seedling conveying and collecting efficiency of the peanut picking and harvesting machine.