Assessment On Field Adaptability Of New Potato Materials In Yulin Area

Twenty-seven potato lines,originating from the Potato Laboratory,Northwest A&F University,were used as new materials,among which No.6-27(named Qingshu No.9)were selected as the check cultivar.The data acquisition was completed by fieldand laboratorial measurements.Kinds of indexes,including agronomic traits,dry matter dynamics,photosynthetic physiological characteristics,absorption and distribution of NPK,quality analysis,yield,yield component factors and material classification,were studied and analyzed using data processing software such as office2010 office software,origin 8.0,and SPSS.21.0.The following conclusions were achieved after gray correlation analysis:(1)Investigation agronomic traits.Comparing the 27 tested materials,there were significant differences among their plant height,number of main stems,and number of branches among.The great difference indicated that the resource of materials is very abundant.The best growth parameters in the Yulin area are as follows: the plant height is 60 to 100 cm,the number of branches is 19 to 23,and the main stem number is 3 to 5.(2)Changes of dry matter.Depending on the 27 tested materials,the change trend of dry matter in leaves,stems and roots decreased with the passage of time after increasing incipiently.However,the change trend of dry matter in tubers and whole plant dry weight showed a linear increase over time.(3)Distribution and absorption of NPK.The results revealed that the total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the 27 materials showed a downward trend with time,while the total potassium value of the whole plant first decreased and then increased with time.Changes of total nitrogen value in various organs: The total nitrogen values of roots,stems,and leaves showed a downward trend over time,while the total nitrogen values of tubers did not change significantly over time.Changes of total phosphorus value in various organs: The total phosphorus content in roots,stems,and leaves showed a downward trend over time,however,the total phosphorus content in tubers did not change significantly over time.Changes of total potassium values in various organs: the total potassium values of the root,stem,leaf,and tuber showed a first decline followed by an upward over time.The distribution rate of total potassium changed rarely after sowing 79 to 109 days.From 109 to 124 days,the distribution rate of potassium increased significantly.(4)Photosynthetic physiological characterization.The indexes of 27 materials,such as transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll,presented significant differences.The chlorophyll content ranged from 30.6 to 32.375.Materials with high photosynthetic efficiency included 6-1,6-4,6-9,6-11,6-13,6-14,6-15,6-16,6-18,6-20,6-21,6-22,6-24,6-25,6-26.(5)Determination of quality indicators.There were significant differences in dry matter,starch content,protein,Vc,reducing sugar,and anthocyanin among 27 materials.After comprehensive evaluation of several indicators,Caishu 6-7,6-10,6-5,6-14,6-15,6-16,6-18,6-22,6-23,6-1,6-3 and 6-20 were significantly higher than the check cultivar in terms of quality and adaptability.(6)Analysis of yield and related agronomic traits.After analyzing the 27 materials,the order of the influence to yield of the agronomic traits was as follows: Sprout weight> number of branches> growth period> plant height> number of tubers per plant> commodity potato rate.In the adaptation and promotion of new potato materials in the Yulin area of Shaanxi Province,these three factors should be taken into consideration.Therefore,materials 6-4,6-6,6-9,6-11,6-14,6-16,6-17,6-20,6-26,6-22 had strong adaptability.(7)Classification of materials.When the distance was 5,27 materials could be divided into 4 groups.the fourth category included 6 materials6-4,6-11,6-14,6-16,6-17,6-26 with high starch content,high vitamin C content,high plant height,and high number of main stems high yield and low reducing sugar content.In summary,potato yield and quality were related and inseparable with many factors.Clustering analysis depending on the agronomic traits,quality,yield and other factors determining the strengths and weaknesses of the potato,revealed that materials 6-4,6-11,6-14,6-16,6-17,6-26 possessed strong adaptation regardless of the yield or quality.Although the yields of 9 coloring materials were relatively lower,6-1,6-3,6-5,6-7,6-10,6-15,6-18,6-20 and 6-23 were superior to control on quality,especially the anthocyanin content which is very important for deep processing of potatoes.In consideration of the strong quality adaptability,these materials could be popularized after improvement.