Study On Detoxification Of Main Potato Varieties In Yulin Area

Currently,there are about 40 kinds of potato viruses are known to the world,among which 6 kinds of viruses?PVX,PVY,PVA,PVM,PVS,PLRV?and 1 kind of viroid?PSTVd?can directly affect the potato industry in China.Potato virus diseases can lead to a yield reduction of up to 60%,which seriously affects the development of potato industry in Yulin The main purpose and significance of this study is to eliminate the virus and viroid in potato,restore the seed properties,improve the quality,increase the yield,vigorously promote virus-free seed potatoes,which is of great significance to improve potato producing technology and industrial developing level,enhance market competitiveness,increase farmers'income and promote local economic development in Yulin.In this paper,the virus-free technology of main potato cultivars?Kexin 1,Shepody,Favorita,Jizhangshu 8,Qingshu 9 and Shanbeihong Potato?in Yulin area were studied.The main contents and results were as follows:?1?The effect of different concentrations of growth regulators on different species of potato meristem into PlantletsIt is the most difficult,long period and relatively low seedling rate to culture the meristem of Shepody.Its meristem grow slower than other varieties,and easier to turn yellow and to die in the same medium.When the concentration of NAA and GA₃ is fixed at0.1 mg.L^-1,the application concentration of 6-BA can be adjusted to improve the survival rate and seedling rate of the meristem within a certain range.The optimum concentration of6-BA is 0.05 mg.L^-1 for Shanbeihong Potato.0.15 mg.L^-1 for Shepody,0.1 mg.L^-1 for Kexin1 and Qingshu 9.When the concentration reaches 0.2 mg.L^-1,it can inhibit the development of meristem.Using D-pantothenate calcium to replace NAA in culture medium,the growth trend of meristem was significant,and the seedling rate was significantly increased.?2?The suitable medium formula of six main varieties in this area was screened outKexin 1,Qingshu 9——MS+0.1mg.L^-1 6-BA+0.1mg.L^-1 GA₃+0.2mg.L^-11 D-calcium pantothenate+suger3%+carrageenan 0.65%Shepody——MS+0.1mg.L^-1 6-BA+0.1mg.L^-1 GA₃+0.2mg.L^-1 D-calcium pantothenate+suger3%+carrageenan0.65%Favorita,Jizhangshu 8——MS+0.1mg.L^-1 6-BA+0.1mg.L^-1 GA₃+0.2mg.L^-1 D-calcium pantothenate+suger3%+carrageenan0.65%Shanbeihong potato——MS+0.1mg.L^-1 NAA+0.1mg.L^-1 GA₃+0.05mg.L^-16-BA+suger3%+carrageenan0.65%?3?Effect of different meristem sizes on detoxification of potatoThe survival rate and seedling rate of potato stem tip are in positive correlation with the size of meristem cutted,the larger the meristem is,the easier the it is to survive;on the contrary,the detoxification rate is in negative correlation with the size of meristem,the larger the meristem is,the lower the detoxification rate is.Comprehensively,the size of meristem with two leaf primordia is more moderate.?4?Effect of potato bud length and stripping time on detoxificationThe length of potato bud and the time of stripping could affect the seedling rate and detoxification success rate.At the end of dormancy period in spring,it is generally in the late March.At room temperature?about 14?¹6??,firstly the germinate tubers for buds in dark light for 7-10 days,and then irradiated tubers by diffused light for 5-7 days.Then short and strong buds can be derived.The survival rate of stem tips stripped in early April is high.That's the very time stem tips have the most vigorous vitality and the lowest virus concentration in meristem.That's also the time the survival rate and seedling rate of meristem tip can be maximized and the qualified virus-free plantlets can be obtained more easily when the meristem length and stripping time are suitable.?5?Effects of different cultivation methods and basic fertilizer ratio on Virus-free microtubers productionIn the production of potato virus-free microtubers,seedlings transplanted on nursery bed were superior than those transplanted directly on ground,the former was not easy to accumulate water,and could effectively isolate the occurrence and spread of diseases and pests;the transplanting seedlings with the basic fertilizer ratio B?15 bags of vermiculite+1kg of sarkefu+0.2kg of diamine?grew more healthily,and the quantity and quality of microtubers were higher,which was more suitable for the production of virus-free microtubers.