| Gardenia jasminoides Ellis as the rubiaceae Gardenia perennial evergreen shrubs.It is widely distributed in China,with a large number of wild and cultivated,mainly in Sichuan,Jiangxi,Hunan,Zheiang,Fujian,Hubei and Henan provinces.Gardenia is both the ministry of health announced the first batch of medicine food homology of varieties,and is also important in our province medicine edible Chinese drugs.Having Xiehuo Chufan,heat and dampness,cooling blood detoxification;topical swelling and pain.Except for medicinal,or important source of natural pigment.In food,medicine,cosmetics and a wide range of applications in other fields,has a very high medicinal value,economic value and ornamental value.1.Comprehensive evaluation on the different types of GardeniaBased on the original region while luzhou,sichuan province,district six different types of cultivation by sichuan gardenia,from biological characteristics and the quality of medicinal materials,make a comprehensive analysis and evaluation,finally choose the type of good and cultivating and developing.(1)A comparative study of vegetative growth traitsDifferent types of gardenia vegetative growth traits exists very significant difference(P < 0.01)between each type.Plant phenotype is the result of joint action by genes and environment.In the environment under the same conditions of cultivation and management,the main reason for the variation of vegetative growth traits is genetic differentiation.(2)A comparative study of flower characterDifferent types of gardenia flower has two kinds of windmills and plum flower form.Each type of gardenia petals of 6 disc is given priority to,a few of 5,7,8,9,and the results with past dynasties such as the figure by material medica recorded in "cape jasmine fruit,flower all six" inconsistencies,and number of gardenia petals and stamens without consistency.Six types of gardenia and eight flower morphological indexes of extremely significant differences(P < 0.01);Among them,the coefficient of variation is the largest flower morphological index stigma long,the smallest number of stamens.The pollen viability of different types of gardenia extremely significant differences(P < 0.01).With 2 has the highest pollen viability,gardenia is 94.34%,gardenia pollen vigor lowest,3 to 80.33%.(3)A comparative study of fruit charactersTraits of different kinds of gardenia fruit index analysis showed that the character indexes were significantly different between different types(P < 0.01).Each type of fruit of six arrises edges is given priority to 7 times edges,and a few of 4,5,8,9 edge.Results with the "Chinese pharmacopoeia" to the number of edges of gardenia fruit description is not consistent.There were significant differences in the economic output of various types of gardenia.Six types of gardenia medicinal materials production indexes of the total dry weight per plant with total fresh weight per plant,and the fruit number per degree of variation are larger.(4)The fruit internal qualityThis experiment established UPLC switch wavelength analysis method for the first time,and at the same time the determination of Shanzhisider,6-alpha-Hydroxygenipos,Chlorogenic acid,Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobio,Geniposide,Crocin-?and Crocin-? etc.7 component contents can provide a reference for quality evaluation and control of gardenia.Different harvest time of gardenia medicinal materials exterior shape and the influence of the intrinsic quality is obvious.According to the inherent quality,appearance on the changing trends of medicinal materials and the size of the medicinal material production,and the color change of the determines the optimum harvesting time for luzhou gardenia in late October.Each type of gardenia fruit between Shanzhisider,6-alpha-Hydroxygenipos,Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobio,Geniposide,Crocin-? and Crocin-? content is significantly different(P < 0.01),but between the various types of chlorogenic acid had no significant difference(P st13 0.05).Six types of medicinal materials from the gardenia gardenoside content are much higher than in "Chinese pharmacopoeia" 2015 edition of the regulation,especially for 5 and 1 gardenia gardenoside content higher than other four types(above 5%).Crocin,especially in the gardenia 2 and 5 content is higher than other four types(above 2%).The results for gardenia application value of personalized classification and high content screening provides the reliable basis of special materials.Same type composition analysis results show that different part of the fruit contains chemical composition at different positions of the different type and content.(5)Comprehensive evaluation of different types of gardeniaThis study of different types of gardenia quality indicator principal component analysis,cluster analysis,the quality indexes of six types of gardenia 20,principal component analysis to extract the five principal component provides 100.00% of the original traits information.With principal component percentage eigenvalue weighted coefficient to construct comprehensive score,the analysis shows that "gardenia 5" comprehensive evaluation is the best.Depending on the type of six gardenia quality characteristics,the use of cluster analysis to six types of gardenia is divided into four types,and gardenia 5 alone is a category.Integrated various kinds of cape jasmine internal quality,principal component analysis and cluster analysis results,show that whether it is used as traditional Chinese medicine,medicinal properties(gardenoside)extraction and the extraction of natural pigment(Crocin)has a tree tall,loose leaf is larger,good fruit color and shape,the characteristics of high output,a further sign of gardenia 5 can be used as a fine variety breeding of high quality material."Gardenia 1" Gardenoside content is high,and the type of gardenia tree is short and compact,leaves large,long oval fruit,suitable to serve as the raw material of geniposide extract and medicinal application."Gardenia 2" Crocin content is high,and the type of gardenia tree high and relatively loose,blade is bigger,oval fruit,high yield,can be used as natural pigment(Crocin)extraction of raw materials and rare medicinal herbs extracts from Croci Stigma main efficacy components X source of raw materials.As A result,"Gardenia 1" and "Gardenia 2" are worth cultivating special materials.2.Gardenia seed quality research(1)Seed germination characteristics of gardeniaGardenia seed suction process can be roughly divided into three periods: rapid water period(0 ~ 12.5 h),slow water phase(12.5 ~ 22.5 h)and water saturation period(22.5 h).Germinate in the best conditions for gardenia seeds: Seed soaking for 24 h,under the condition of light,25 ? constant temperature culture.(2)Different origin gardenia seed quality research and gardenia established quality standardsCollected from Sichuan,Jiangxi,Hunan,Zhejiang,Henan five provinces of 54 batch gardenia seed thousand seed weight,germination rate,germination potential and contain chemical composition(Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobio,Geniposide,Crocin-?and Crocin-?)contrast research shows that the index has obvious difference.Seed thousand seed weight,germination potential and germination rate of production in Sichuan is the largest,4.5355 g,12.27% and 39.77% respectively.The lowest is in Henan,3.0707 g,0.00% and 0.00% respectively.Genipin-1-b-D-gentiobio content is highest in Henan,to an average of 2.86%,while the lowest in Hunan,at 2.26%.Geniposid content is highest in Hunan,to an average of 1.26%,and the lowest in Jiangxi,is 0.67%.Crocin-? content is highest in Hunan,to an average of 0.35%,and the lowest in Henan,was 0.20%.Five origin of the Crocin-? average content of no significant difference,all are 0.02%.By Pearson correlation and regression analysis showed that the seeds of gardenoside content has significant negative correlation with seed germination potential,the content is lower,the greater the germination potential,germination faster;In this paper,the content of gardenia in the seed of gardenia in different harvest period was changed,and the gardenia content in the seed was an important indicator of seed classification.In grains,seed germination rate,germination potential and the content of geniposide as the main index,and combined with the seed traits,K clustering analysis method is used for 54 batch of gardenia seeds from different sources were analyzed,and tentative gardenia seeds for 3 levels.(3)The influence of maturity of cape jasmine fruit seed quality characteristicsMaturity has a larger effect on seed quality,are the important factors that affect seed germination gardenia.Different maturity seed kernels seeds,germination potential,germination rate and content of geniposide in exist significant difference.With the increase of maturity,the seed germination rate and germination potential were reduced after the first rise.In late October,peak(94.00% and 54.00%)gardenoside content in seeds increased after lower first.Also in late October is to reach the lowest(0.48% gardenia seed surface color change from dark to bright,and surface attachments declines.Therefore,Late October is the best harvest time of seed,the seed surface color brightness,attachments and little or no mottled plaques.According to established gardenia seed classification standard,8 group of different maturity seed,have 2 batches belong to the level 1 of seeds,have 2 batch belong to the level 2 of seeds,have 4 batch belong to the level 2 of seeds. |
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