Effects Of Chlorocholine Chloride And Rooting Powde On Seedling Growth,Yield And Quality Of Cassava

cassava usually encountered drought and other harsh conditions after planting,resulted in low emergence rate,low survival rate of cassava and weak seedlings,affects the growth of cassava in the middle and late stage,eventually,significant decreased cassava yiled.Therefore,it is an effective way to increase cassava yield by improving emergence rate and seedling quality of cassava.Chlorocholine chloride and rooting powder are often used to soak up crop seeds to increasing seedling emergence rate,rooting early and improving seedling quality.At present,there were few reports about the researchon seedling growth,yield and quality of cassava after cassava cuttings soaked with chlorocholine chloride or rooting powder.For this purpose,on the basis of our previous research about soaking cassava cuttings with different plant growth regulators,variety SC.205,which was widely cultivated across south China,was planted in field and nutrition pot after soaked 6 or 12 h in chlorocholine chloride’(50,100,200,300 mg/L)or rooting powde(10,20,40,60 mg/L)or water,and treated with nothing acted as control(CK).The aim of this research was to systematically study the effect of the emergence rate,seedling growth,yield and quality of cassava through chlorocholine chloride or rooting powde treatment on cutting,thus to screening the suitable soaking concentration and time of chlorocholine chloride and rooting powder,then through comparing the quality of cassava seedlings and yield between chlorocholine chloride and rooting powder to recommend the appropriate potion and its suitable concentration and treatment time for cassava cuttings.The main results were as follow:1.The germination rate:compared with C.K,soak.ing with chlorocholine chloride could promote the emergence of cassava,and the time of all the cuttings got emergency became longer and longer with the increasing concentration or soaking period,soaking 6 h in 100 mg/L or 200 mg/L chlorocholine chloride performed better.It is beneficial to promote the cassava early emergence by soaking 6 h in 40 mg/L rooting powde,but soaking 12 h in rooting powde would delay the seedling emergence of cassava.2.Seedling growth:soaking with chlorocholine chloride could dwarf the cassava plant improve stem diameter,roots length and diameter,dry weight of stems,leaves,roots and storage roots and root-shoot ratio.With the chlorocholine chloride concentration improving,the seedling height became more and more short,while the stem diameter became more and more thicker.Whereas,roots length and dry weight of stems,leaves,roots increased then decreased with the increase of soaking concentration and time.plant dwarf and stem diameter enlargement showed a trend of inverted V-shape,and soaked 6～12 h in 100～200 mg/L is optimal.Soaking 6～12 h in 20～40 mg/L rooting powder could improve the plant hight of cassava seedling,stem diameter,root length and diameter,dry weigh of storage roots,roots,stems and leaf,with the extension of soaking period in rooting powde,soaking concentration became more and more low.The results showed that the treatment of soaking 6 h in 200 mg/L chlorocholine chloride is most conducive to improving seedling quality.3.Fresh yield of storage roots,storage roots lenght and diameter,storage roots of stem cassava:soaking in chlorocholine chloride or rooting powde could raise number of storage roots,storage roots length and diameter,fresh yield of storage roots,and soaking 6 h in 300 mg/L chlorocholine chloride or 20 mg/L root powder performed better.With extension of soaking period,the suitable concentration is reduced.Soaking in chlorocholine chloride or root powder can increase the percentage of seed stem storage roots in the base,reducing the percentage of seed stem storage roots on both sides of the stem,when the sprouts are combined with the wind,the cassava plants will have stronger wind resistance.4.Physiological characteristics:Soaking in chlorocholine chloride could improve the soluble sugar content of dry storage roots in the early stage of cassava seedling,and with the prolongation of soaking period,soaking concentration became more and more low.In the late stage of cassava seedling,the soaking in 50 mg/L or 200 mg/L chlorocholine chloride decreased the soluble sugar content of the storage roots,and the decrease decreased with the increase of the immersion concentration.In the field test,the soluble sugar content of the storage roots was improved by the soaking in chlorocholine chloride.The soluble sugar content of cassava was significantly improved by the root powder treatment.5.Soil enzyme activity:compared with CK,chlorocholine chloride and root powder could improve the activity of soil urease and acid phosphatase,its increase with the increase of seed soaking concentration showed a trend of inverted V-shape.In the 60～100 d after planting,There was no significant difference in soil urease and acid phosphatase activity.In conculsion,in the field production,when chlorocholine chloride was used to soak cassava cuts,it was recommended to use 300 mg/L chlorocholine chloride soaking 6 hours..When root powder was used to soak cassava cuts,it was recommended to use 20 mg/L root powder soaking 6 hours.In this study,comprehensive analysis of the effects of soaking with chlorocholine chloride and rooting powder showed that the cassava starch yield was best when soaked with 300 mg/L chlorocholine chloride for 6 hours.Therefore,300 mg/L chlorocholine chloride was recommended to soak cassava cuts for 6 hours.