| Urban-rural transformation and rural development is an important practical issue facing China in promoting new urbanization and achieving integrated urban-rural development.Since the 21 st century,how to promote urban-rural integration and achieve sustainable rural development has received long-term high attention from the central government.In 2018,rural revitalization has become a national strategy.However,as a vast country,the rural development background varies widely across China,which determines the differences in the implementation paths of different regions in rural revitalization.The form of social organization and governance structure is an important perspective to explore the differences between rural areas in different regions.How to adopt targeted policy support according to different social organization forms and governance structures in different regions is the institutional guarantee and preconditions for rural revitalization to realize by regional and type promotion.At present,under the guidance of the "Rural Revitalization Strategic Plan(2018-2022)" and other policy documents,various regions have been in full swing to carry out rural revitalization practices.In this context,it is more urgent to focus on specific regions and specific types of rural areas for further research,so as to provide solid theoretical support for the practice of rural revitalization.The core topic of this study is to focus on the pattern of clan social organization in the current Chinese rural governance.And how to use the clan organizational advantages to promote rural development? In order to explore the above core topics,the research object focuses on the typical village in southern Shantou City where the clan tradition is strong.Firstly,this paper reviewed the research contents of clan and rural governance and rural development mechanism from the literature review,and reflected on the causes of the current "atomization" and "governance involution" that Chinese villages are generally facing,and affirmed the contemporary value of clan social organization form.Furthermore,it combed the development of the clan in the rural governance of China in three periods,and introduced governing by network theory as the theoretical basis for the governance research.The study selected the southern Shantou City(Chaonan District,Chaoyang District)with strong clan traditions and Dongxian Village,Longtian Town,Chaonan District,Shantou City as two levels of empirical analysis objects.From the characteristics of the overall situation of rural development in the southern Shantou City and the in-depth analysis of the typical case of Dongxian Village,the characteristics of rural development under the clan social organization form were revealed.Based on the multi-dimensional perspective of historical comparison and synchronic comparison,the study conducted vertical and horizontal comparisons of rural development characteristics under different historical periods and different forms of social organization,and conducted dialectical analysis of the characteristics presented in typical cases,revealed differences in rural development characteristics caused by different social organization forms and governance structure.Based on the present,research on the advantages and disadvantages of rural development under the clan social organization form,combined with the goal of "modernization of national governance system and governance capacity" put forward by the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of Communist Party of China,based on the theory of governing by network,a framework of institutional governance for clan villages that relies on national laws and village regulations is constructed,which is driven by the rural grass-roots party organizations as the core.The study found that the villages in the southern Shantou City presented distinctive characteristics of clan settlement,and the village generally kept a large number of traditional residential buildings,a pattern with distinctive local features.The public goods unique to clan society,such as the restored ancestral hall,still occupied an important position in the village pattern and villagers' daily life.The material landscape of this area intuitively reflected that clan still had a strong influence in the rural society of this area.Furthermore,based on the perspective of the clan social relationship network,the in-depth study of the typical case of Dongxian Village found that the rural governance structure in the clan village centered on the village party branch secretary and the clan chief had profoundly changed the "atom" of the village.Rural development presented significant regional characteristics: ? Clan social relationship network provided important economic capital and social capital for the development of rural industries,and supported the development of rural enterprises in the key links such as land acquisition and fund raising;? As an informal system,clan culture standardized the rural construction and assumed the function of organization and coordination;? Clan social relationship network solved the fund source of public goods supply and formed a supply mechanism for public goods outside the system.Clan rural society presented strong cohesion and centripetal force,and the rural development reflected the characteristics of "super stable structure",which was quite different from the general villages and the corporatized villages.However,it was worth noting that clan also had constraints on the healthy development of rural areas,such as the lack of industrialization control,the lack of legal construction,and the concept of clan hierarchy.Based on the above dialectical understanding of the characteristics of clan rural social governance structure,the research constructed a framework of clan rural governance which was driven by the rural grassroots party organization as the core and relies on the institutional governance system such as national laws and village regulations,to respond to the "modernization of national governance systems and governance capabilities".Finally,the study pointed out that the national intervention policy should respect and utilize the “local” governance resources of clan rural,so as to achieve rural revitalization more accurately and economically.The article chapters are arranged as follows:Chapter ? is introduction.The main content includes research background,research significance,definition of important concepts,introduction of research ideas and methods,and a review of relevant literature.The literature review mainly analyzes and summarizes the research on clan issues,rural governance,and rural development mechanisms at home and abroad.Chapter ? is the combing of the historical evolution of clan in rural governance and the introduction of the theoretical basis.By reviewing the changes of clan in farming society and the Republic of China,the planned economy of New China and the changes in rural governance since the reform and opening up,governing by network theory was introduced and its applicability to the clan rural governance was analyzed.Chapter ? summarizes the overall characteristics of rural development in the southern Shantou City and analyzes the typical case—Dongxian Village,Longtian Town,Chaonan District,Shantou City.This chapter is the empirical observation part of the study,which is divided into two major parts.One is to explore the overall characteristics of rural development in clan area from a regional perspective;the other is on the basis of regional research,this paper starts with typical cases of clan rural areas,and makes an in-depth analysis of the operating mechanism of the current clan social organization form in the three dimensions of rural industry development,rural construction and rural public goods supply.Chapter ? is the comparison and summary of synchrony and the reflection on the rural development under the clan social organization form.This chapter makes a horizontal comparison of the development performance differences in three different rural social organization forms: clan villages,corporatized villages and general villages,and at the same time reflects on the problems existing in clan rural social governance.Chapter ? is the governance response to clan village development.Based on the theory of governing by network,on the basis of drawing lessons from the social governance experience of clan villages at home and abroad,and the goals and requirements of rural revitalization on rural governance,this paper studies and constructs a governance framework that drives the healthy development of clan villages.Chapter ? is conclusion and discussion.Summarize the main conclusions of this study,explain possible innovations and shortcomings of the study,and look forward to further research in the future.The whole thesis contains about 50 000 words,36 pictures and charts. |
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