Research On The Spatial Optimization Strategy Of Institutional Pensions Based On Behavior Of The Elderly

Since 21 c,China's aging process has been accelerating,and the number and proportion of the elderly population has increased rapidly.The old people who were born in the 1960 s and 1970 s are now in the middle and old age stage,and our country's pension is facing severe pressure.However,due to the limitations of early development in China,less attention has been paid to the pension industry,and there is no corresponding layout in urban land planning.There are many problems in the space construction of some organizations which are reconstructed and expanded on the basis of the old ones.With the increasing demand of the elderly,these problems have become increasingly prominent.The construction of institutional pension can not meet the needs of the elderly.After the old people enter the old age stage,their physiology and psychology have obvious characteristics.Although the old people are gradually separated from social production and their physical functions decline,their communication needs do not decrease with the increase of age.Their subjective well-being and social motivation are different from those of the young people.Their happy feelings may even be higher than that of the young people,and they also choose more consciously.Therefore,the space construction of pension institutions is an important place for the elderly to socialize.However,at present,the space communication environment of many pension institutions has not been improved,the pension institutions have not consciously considered the needs of the elderly,and have not fully exploited the environmental availability to create a positive and comfortable communication place for the elderly.This paper aims to investigate four old-age institutions in Dalian,using fixed-point observation,questionnaire interview,field visit and other ways to fully understand the space construction of old-age institutions,the characteristics of the elderly's behavior in different spaces,the interaction between behavior and space,the existing problems of space construction,and at the same time,compare the similarities and differences of the four old-age institutions,and summarize the differences.Combined with the excellent practice cases at home and abroad,the theory of psychology for the elderly,the theory of environmental availability,this paper classifies the space and expounds the existing problems of the space construction of the elderly care institutions,so as to provide reference proposals for space optimization.