Study On External Public Space Evaluation In New Rural Community

“Construction of new rural community” is an important policy issued by government at all levels in the new development environment for rural development.New rural community construction is an important measure to promote land conservation,resource sharing and improve rural infrastructure and public service level.However,the construction of new rural communities in China mostly stays in simple community planning,only considering site selection,construction,roads and infrastructure.Lack of understanding of rural life and local cultural customs,less analysis of the relationship between residents’ demand for public activities and public space,and lack of protection to local traditional villages,culture and space resources,which lead to the lack of external public space function of new rural communities,which is not conducive to the construction of urban-rural integration.External public space,as a link between the external environment and indoor activities of new rural communities,is the main place for residents in procutivity and daily life activities.The overall coordination of space can increase the sense of belonging and identity of new rural community residents,and the construction of external public space is very significant.Through reviewing the literature,it has been found that most scholars’ research on the new rural community external public space is still qualitative analysis,and fails to establish an effective evaluation and research system.This paper attempts to establish a new rural community external public space evaluation research system by combining qualitative and quantitative methods,in order to provide theoretical reference and practical significance for the construction of new rural community external public space.In this context,in order to deeply understand and analyze the practical problems existing in the construction of new rural community external public space,this paper firstly summarizes the influencing factors of evaluation index of new rural community external public space through literature analysis,screens out 19 influencing factors,and carries out regional division and hierarchical classification of identified influencing factors with the help of Interpretative Structural Model(ISM).Three categories of evaluation indicators were obtained: production activity space,daily life space and ecological landscape space.Secondly,the 12 fourth-level indicators are optimized,and 38 fifth-level indicators are decomposed for easy measurement,so as to establish the final evaluation index system of external public space in rural communities.Thirdly,the established evaluation index system is quantified,and the weight coefficients of all levels of indicators are calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).At the same time,the weighting method of normal distribution is used to analyze the residents’ scoring situation in order to eliminate the error caused by the extreme value.In order to calculate the final score of each index,the Ordered Weighted Average Operator(OWA)is introduced to normalize the data.Then,through the preliminary and in-depth investigation of the new rural community external public space in Tianfu New District,Sichuan Province,this paper summarizes the existing problems of the new rural community external public space construction by using the evaluation research system.Finally,three optimization principles are adopted: public participation principle,design and integration of natural geographical principles and leisure and safety principles to optimize the overall and secondary space of the new rural community external public space.The optimization strategies are mainly "point-line-surface" mode,"scatter-point-and-surround" mode,"multi-level group" mode optimization and "landscape band-level" mode.The research methods and results of this paper can provide some reference for the evaluation,construction,planning and optimization of new rural communities to a certain extent,and have certain theoretical value.