Study On Stratification Of Urban Historical Landscape In Chongqing Based On Translating Historical Maps

With the improvement of modern scientific and technological conditions and the spread of global values,the relatively closed cultural and ecological environment of historical towns has been impacted to varying degrees.Under the guidance of the existing protection system and ideas,the overall pluralistic elements of historical and cultural heritage are facing the dilemma of being eroded and separated.The inadaptability of the existing protection ideas gradually emerges,manifested in factors identification,value recognition and protection methods.The traditional concept of conservation planning generally emphasizes the objective and static value of historical towns,ignores the exploration of historical development context,and lacks the consideration of dynamic development value.Urban Historic Landscape(HUL)is a new way of protecting historic towns in the new era.It not only expands and updates the scope of overall protection,but also emphasizes the "relevance" among various elements of historic landscape,and emphasizes the "stratification" of multiple values in the dynamic development of historic towns,which is helpful to the comprehensive understanding of historic towns.Based on this,this paper attempts to construct a hierarchical analysis framework of historical landscape from the concept of urban historical landscape and the digital technology of historical map,guide the identification and translation of historical landscape elements with the connotation of "relevance",guide the dynamic recognition of historical landscape value with the connotation of "stratification",and take Chongqing historical city as an example to carry out empirical translation and stratification research.On this basis,the paper puts forward a systematic method of historical map translation and stratigraphic analysis,analyses and probes into the stratification process and law of historic landscape in Chongqing historic urban area in detail,preliminarily establishes the database of landscape elements in Chongqing historic urban area,summarizes the influencing factors and modes of historic landscape stratification evolution,and puts forward a holistic protection method based on stratigraphic analysis.Specifically,the research content can be divided into the following four parts:Part I(Chapters 1 and 2): Questions and inspiration.Firstly,it clarifies the research background and the origin of the topic,the basic concepts and research objects of the research purpose and significance,and combs the urban historical landscape,the translation and application of historical maps,the related research and practice of Chongqing historical urban area,and puts forward the research framework of this paper;secondly,it analyses the existing historical urban protection planning system and concepts as well as the current difficulties.The applicability of the traditional planning concept to the protection of historic towns in the new period is insufficient.On this basis,this paper introduces the concept of urban historic landscape protection,and analyses its development process,concept connotation,elements type and composition,space carrier,and summarizes the Enlightenment of the concept for the protection of historic towns: including correlation identification and stratification analysis.Part II(Chapter 3): Methodological exploration.Firstly,the characteristics of historical maps and the theoretical basis of research are summarized;secondly,based on the Enlightenment of the concept of urban historical landscape on the protection of historical towns,and combined with the composition of elements and the form of spatial carriers,a hierarchical analysis framework of historical landscapes based on historical map translation is constructed,which includes factor-related translation based on historical map and overlapping based on spatial carriers.The two sections are analyzed,and the specific methods of historical map translation and stratigraphic analysis are elaborated respectively,which lays a foundation for the following case translation and stratigraphic study of Chongqing historic urban area.Part III(Chapter 4): The specific translation process of Chongqing Historic District.Firstly,the development process of Chongqing's historic urban area is sorted out;then,according to the method of historic map translation proposed above,the historic maps of nine periods in Chongqing's historic urban area are translated sequentially.The content organization includes the collection and translation preparation of historic maps of Chongqing,the translation of historic maps before the opening of the port,the translation of historic maps from the opening of the port to the Republic of China,and the Post-liberation historic maps Translate four plates.Part IV(Chapter 5): Stratigraphic study.Based on the digitized historical map and the database of urban historical landscape obtained in the third part,the stratification process and regularity of Chongqing historical urban area are analyzed from four kinds of spatial carriers: urban pattern,road and lane,characteristic place and landmark building.Based on this,the influencing factors and modes of historical landscape stratification evolution are summarized,and the holistic protection methods of historical towns are put forward from the above four types of space carriers.