| Gannan Tibetan Area is located at the edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and is located at the junction of Gansu,Qinghai and Sichuan provinces.It belongs to the transition zone between the Loess Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The farming and nomadic culture develops here.The natural environment and the humanistic society have obvious domain characteristics.At the same time,they are influenced by Tibetan Buddhism for a long time and form a unique concept of survival and social organization.These factors have profoundly affected the development of settlements,resulting in the distribution characteristics of the settlements and the many influencing factors of development are different from other regions.Therefore,the research results have certain theoretical significance in enriching the causes of current settlements,the development process and the factors affecting the development of settlements.It will help to explore the characteristics of the development of settlements in Gannan Tibetan areas and the advantages and disadvantages of understanding the development of settlements.In addition,it also provides theoretical reference for various types of planning such as new rural construction,optimization and regulation of residential areas,urban and rural development,and urban system development.In this paper use the methods of mean nearest neighbor index analysis,nuclear density analysis and landscape pattern analysis to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of settlements.The result is:(1)The spatial distribution of the settlements is generally aggregated,and the check value is less than 0,indicating that the probability of random generation of this cluster distribution is less than 1%,and the degree of aggregation is enhanced from the Hezuo,Xiahe,Zhuoni and Luqu.(2)The spatial distribution of the settlements is extremely uneven,and the distribution is generally distributed in the central part,especially in the area where the Madang-Wangatan-Hezuo is the center,and the Taohe River and the Daxiahe River Valley are the most densely distributed.However,there are few settlements in the south of the Taohe River and in the southwestern part of the Daxiahe River.There are obvious regional and selective distributions in the spatial distribution.The population is obviously beaded along the Taohe River,the Daxia River and its tributaries.(3)The settlements are mostly distributed in Zhuoni and Xiahe.The degree of fragmentation is the lowest in Luqu and the highest in Xiahe.Hezuo ranks in the middle level of the study area in terms of quantity,density and degree of aggregation.Finally,taking the spatial distribution feature as the entry point,combing the development process of the settlement from the two dimensions of time and space,and analyzing the influencing factors of the distribution of the settlement from the three aspects of natural resources,humanities society and location policy,it is concluded that:(1)natural environment and resources are the decisive factors for the formation of settlements in Gannan Tibetan areas;(2)the scale and hierarchical structure of the temple profoundly affect the spatial distribution system and location of the settlement;(3)the system of chieftain and the social organization of tribes under the jurisdiction of the temple are the premise of the formation and development of settlements;(4)policy and location factors will be important factors affecting the future spatial distribution of settlements. |
