Research On Spatial Reconstruction Of Traditional Villages In Hetao Area Of Inner Mongolia Based On Cultural Anthropology

In recent years,China has paid more and more attention to traditional Chinese culture.Traditional villages are a part of Chinese history and culture,and are the most representative elements in human settlement environment.With the rapid development of social economy and the urbanization of villages,the number of traditional villages has declined sharply,accompanied by the disadvantage of the disappearance of traditional village culture.China's vast territory and rich resources,different regional cultures will inevitably create differences in the spatial form of villages.For thousands of years,the culture of the Yellow River has been alive and well,which also makes the traditional villages here take on a different look.Hetao area of Inner Mongolia is a place of multi-cultural integration.The study of traditional villages in this area is not only conducive to the protection and development of traditional villages,but also conducive to the inheritance of regional culture in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia.At the same time,culture has become an important part of the theory of sustainable development of traditional villages.The research results will provide more reference for the future protection and development of traditional villages in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia.With the introduction of western research theories,interdisciplinary research methods have gradually been widely used by researchers.The study of traditional village space in Inner Mongolia is not only the study of architectural entity,but also contains many spiritual cultural studies.Therefore,this paper introduces the theory of cultural anthropology to study and analyze the traditional villages in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia from the perspective of cultural anthropology.Based on the relevant theories of cultural anthropology and using the research methods of cultural anthropology,this paper pays attention to the analysis of human and environment,human and society,human and self,and applies them to the field of architecture.It makes a general analysis of the space of eighteen traditional villages in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia,and explores the development commonness of traditional villages in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia,and summarizes the transmission of Hetao area of Inner Mongolia.Unify the development strategy of the village,and then provide the overall and macro development direction forits development.With the disappearance of traditional village space,regional culture and folk culture,it is necessary to reconstruct traditional villages.Finally,taking Shengli Village of Bayannaoer Wuyuan County as an example,the reconstruction scheme is proposed from the perspective of cultural anthropology.The research mainly includes the following parts:(1)Cultural anthropology and architecture are closely related.Firstly,the theory of Anthropology and cultural anthropology is studied to clarify the perspective of cultural anthropology in this paper.Based on the theories of cultural anthropology,such as the theory of subject and object,the theory of relativity and holism of culture,the research strategies and principles are put forward.Human culture is expressed through architectural space;deeper social system,production economy and other structures also directly affect the composition and development of space;inherent behavior and customs largely determine the spatial layout,so in the process of space research,cultural anthropology perspective is particularly important.Cultural anthropology is a huge subject,which contains many research contents.In this paper,the cultural anthropology perspective focuses on the use of its cultural research methods.That is to say,human culture is studied by analyzing the three relationships between man and nature,man and society,man and self,and the research results are applied to the study of traditional village space.(2)The traditional villages in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia have a long history,accompanied by large-scale population migration activities such as Zouxikou,resulting in a large-scale cultural integration in the area.Hetao area in Inner Mongolia provides people with vast land,sufficient water resources and rich vegetation.Its existing space is generated under the unique natural environment of Hetao area in Inner Mongolia.This paper studies the historical environmental factors,material environmental factors,psychological environmental factors and social environmental factors in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia,and then analyses the impact of these factors on the traditional village building space in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia.It summarizes the common characteristics of the traditional villages in this area: 1.The location and layout of villages are influenced by material culture and psychological culture.Back mountain,surface water,conform to the terrain and other forms.2.Belief affects the nodes and streamlines in the village space,which are reflected in the space corresponding to temples,architectural facades and ritualpaths.3.Customs are divided into static and dynamic,which influence the creation of village space atmosphere and the formation of specific space respectively.4.Under the influence of cultural factors such as material and institutional factors,the change process of its residential form in the plane layout and functional zoning shows great similarity.(3)The protection of traditional villages in our country has been strengthened day by day.In recent years,many protection policies have been put forward to explore the better development direction of traditional villages.Moreover,the disappearance of villages is accompanied by the disappearance of regional culture,so traditional villages have been in the process of constantly exploring how to reconstruct.This paper divides the traditional village space,and then puts forward the reconstruction strategy from the perspective of cultural anthropology.This provides a new way and method for the development of traditional villages in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia.(4)Take Shengli Village,a traditional village in Wuyuan County,Bayannaoer City,Inner Mongolia,as an example,to fully analyze the impact of people's response to various factors in life on their village space,as well as the shape of space.Under the guidance of reconstruction strategy,the paper designs the reconstruction scheme of village space and proposes a specific solution.Although this solution is not unique,it provides reference and reference for the reconstruction of traditional village space in other areas.Based on the special natural environment,the traditional villages in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia are the expression of regional culture and the treasure of human civilization.They are the carriers of social system,production and life,and folk rituals,carrying them.