Research On Public Safety Reconstruction Design Of Old Buildings With High Building And Population Density

With the acceleration of urbanization and the increasing concentration of population,architecture,economy and culture,the problem of relatively fragile urban public security has gradually emerged,especially in the old settlements that have been built for a relatively long time.Most of these residential areas are low-rise or multi-storey buildings,so the residential capacity is small,the building density and population density are high.In recent years,public safety incidents in old urban residential areas have become more and more frequent,often affected by fire,traffic and other public safety incidents.Because of the narrow roads,insufficient public space and lack of safety facilities in old residential areas,public safety accidents in residential areas can not be timely and effective rescue,and the lives and property safety of residents in residential areas is under great threat.Therefore,the study of public safety design and reconstruction of old urban residential areas is imminent and can not be ignored.As a special residential building with historic mark,Lilang residence is the representative of typical historic buildings.Focusing on the theme of public security design and transformation of old residential areas,this paper focuses on Linong residential area,a typical old residential area in Shanghai.Through the analysis of the external space environment and internal space unit of Linong residential area,it expounds the influencing factors of the current public security of Linong residential area,and summarizes the current public security problems of the residential area.In view of the current situation of public safety in Lilang residential area in Shanghai,this paper puts forward the corresponding strategies of public safety design and transformation from two aspects of residential safety design and safety management,and conducts in-depth research on the problems existing in the external environment,internal space,building structure,traffic evacuation and public facilities of the residential area.This paper combines the planning and design of public safety in Linong residential area with the evacuation behavior of residents in emergencies,uses Pathfinder software to simulate the evacuation of people,and selects the residents in Linong residential area in Shanghai as the object to establish the evacuation model.Through the simulation design and implementation of the evacuation interface of residential areas,and the numerical simulation analysis of the evacuation in the specific residential areas,the optimized evacuation plan is finally obtained.Aiming at the problem that the fire trucks in some residential areas can not enter,this paper designs a special evacuation tool for people in the residential areas.Because of its narrow structure,the tool can be linearly arranged on the road inside the residential area,which greatly improves the speed of evacuation and escape.In view of the research on the public safety renovation design of Linong residential area,which is related to social,economic and cultural benefits,this paper complements the deficiencies of public safety construction of residential area in China and provides an important reference for the public safety renovation of similar buildings in China.