The Research Of Jinan Railway Architecture Heritage In Modern Times

Jinan is an important city in modern China,its formation and development are unique.Before the Opium War,although Jinan was the political center of Shandong,its economy was backward and failed to match its political and cultural status.It is a typical modern inland city.At the end of the 19 th century,based on the needs of overseas expansion,Germany had sent delegations to investigate the Shandong region.In order to plunder raw materials,sell goods,and expand the sphere of influence,Ricthofen proposed to build a railway from the Kiaochow Bay to Shandong mainland.In 1897,Germany excused the Ju Ye Church Case and sent troops to occupy the Kiaochow Bay.The following year,the Qing government was forced to sign the the Kiaochow Treaty.The second item of the treaty stipulated the railway and the mineral affairs.Then,the Germany took the road construction and operation rights of the Jiao Ji Railway.In 1904,the Jiao Ji Railway was opened to traffic.Before the opening of Jiao Ji Railway,in order to prevent further expansion of Germany.Shandong Governor Zhou Fu and Yuan Shikai jointly signed a court call for Jinan,Zhoucun and Weixian to open their own business,and they were quickly approved.After the opening of Jinan and the Jiao Ji Railway,Jinan’s industry and commerce developed rapidly.In addition,the cultural exchanges between China and the West are frequent,and gradually form a city with a blend of Chinese and Western architectural styles.The spatial structure of Jinan has undergone major changes,forming a pattern in which the old city and Shangbu District are juxtaposed,and Jinan has turned into an open modern city.At this time,the commercial railway and the recovery of the rights movement flourished,and some of the rights were saved on the road construction right of the Jin Pu Railway.In 1912,Jin Pu Railway was opened to traffic,and two lines intersected in Jinan,making Jinan an important transportation hub.The railway brought advanced Western architectural techniques to Jinan,and a large number of new architectural forms and architectural types were introduced into Jinan,breaking the traditional architectural model.The first thing that emerged in Jinan was the construction of output services for capital,such as stations,banks,factories,etc.Take railway construction as an example.The railway buildings built during this period include stations,factories,office buildings,workers’ quarters and hotels,and some structures,such as water towers and bridges,covering almost all new building types.These buildings have spread the new building structure,building materials,construction technology and technology,which promoted the prosperity of the modern Jinan construction industry.The Jinan railway construction originated in a specific time and space,enriched the building type and culture and witnessed the changes of urban history and culture,which was unique and non-replicable and contained a high railway heritage value.In terms of historical value,the railway broke the original mode of transportation in Jinan and played an important role in the development of Jinan modernization.Second,these buildings carry important memories of the history of modern Jinan.Western technicians brought the most advanced building materials,construction technology,construction equipment,and new architecturalforms.At the time,there were brick-and-steel and steel-based structures that broke the original Chinese traditional architecture.Therefore,it has high scientific value.In terms of architectural style,Germany was in the period of Art Nouveau,German architects applied it to the Jinan railway building,and some buildings reflected the traditional Germanic style.These railways buildings have different architectural styles,reflecting the artistic characteristics and aesthetic value of modern architectural development from the aspects of shape,proportion,color and detail.At the same time,they show the combination of Chinese and Western characteristics and have important artistic value.During this period,people on the one hand resisted the aggression of Western culture,on the other hand,they also showed their yearning for Western advanced technology.In addition to the construction and operation of the railway,many foreign technicians are employed.They live in China and are gradually influenced by Chinese culture.Under the influence of this two-way,Chinese and Western cultures gradually merged from collision to integration,and gradually embodied in architectural style,architectural details,architectural space,etc.,forming a unique cultural connotation and cultural value characteristics.However,with the development of the city and the upgrading of the railway,the earliest railway industrial buildings gradually withdrew from the historical stage,and many valuable modern railway buildings were demolished.For example,Jinan Railway Station of Jinpu Railway became a permanent regret.At present,the protection of Jinan Railway architectural heritage is not optimistic,and railway construction has important social value as part of urban history and culture.At present,there are rich experience in railway heritage protection at home and abroad,based on research and analysis of these classic cases.The idea of protecting and utilizing the railway building heritage of Jinan is put forward,and its rational use is undoubtedly an important means to exert its social value.