Investigation On Plant Diseases And Insect Pests In Colleges Of Hangzhou

In recent years,due to people’s higher and higher requirements for the quality of living environment,the continuous progress of landscape greening,and more and more types of garden plants,but the introduction of exotic species has caused tremendous changes in plant living environment.A large number of garden plants are invaded by various diseases and insect pests,which not only lead to plant growth and development,but also reduce the ornamental value and green of plants.Chemical effect.In recent years,there are few studies on plant diseases and insect pests control in university campuses at home and abroad.As a special space,there are particularities in plant diseases and insect pests control in University campuses.However,there are many problems in campus greening,such as lack of specialized pest control work,lack of targeted pest control research and so on.Therefore,the research onplant diseases and insect pests control in university campuses is very good for building campuses.Beautiful environment is of great significance.Through field investigation on Yuquan Campus of Zhejiang University and Zijingang Campus,Xiasha Higher Education Park and Xiaohe Mountain Higher Education Park,the main pest control experiments were carried out.The main results are as follows:1.There are 120 species of plants,53 species of trees,57 species of shrubs,7 species of herbs and 3 species of vines in 95 genera and 58 families in the survey area.There are 50 deciduous species and 70 evergreen species.Rosaceae has the most species,11 genera and 14 species,followed by Oleaceae,5 genera and 7 species,Magnoliaceae has 3 genera and 7 species.2.There were 44 kinds of plant diseases in the investigation area,mainly leaf diseases.There were 44 kinds of insect pests in the investigation area,including 17 kinds of leaf-eating pests,2 kinds of borer pests and 18 kinds of sting and sucking pests.There are 5 kinds of serious diseases,including powdery mildew of Lagerstroemia japonica,coal stain of Lagerstroemia japonica,rust of Begonia sibirica,anthracnose of camellia,brown spot perforation of cherry blossom.There are five kinds of insect pests which occur and endanger seriously:Rose aphid,Anoplophora glabripennis,greenhouse whitefly,Rhododendron trilobata and red wax scale.3.The occurrence regularity of powdery mildew,coal smudge,crabapple rust,Camellia anthracnose,cherry brown spot perforation disease and other major diseases of Lagerstroemia japonica were analyzed.The types,types,damage sites,host species and harm degree of insect pests in the investigation area were summarized,and the occurrence regularity of Rose aphid,Anoplophora glabripennis,greenhouse whitefly,Rhododendron trilobite bee and red wax scale were analyzed.The causes of plant diseases and insect pests in campus gardens were summarized.4.According to the occurrence regularity of diseases and insect pests,aphid yellow plate trapping test,longicorn physical killing test and rose powdery mildew high efficiency and low toxicity pesticide selection test were carried out respectively.The results are as follows:(1)In the trapping test of aphid yellow plate,the north-south and east-west placement of yellow plate had no significant effect on the trapping effect.In terms of time,yellow plate trapping technology can effectively delay the occurrence period of insect pests for 5-10 days.In terms of quantity,the occurrence of pests in the area using yellow plate trapping technology was significantly less than that in the control area.Therefore,yellow plate trapping and killing aphids has the characteristics of sinple operation,convenience and less pollution to the environment,which is worthy of popularization and application.(2)In the physical killing experiment of longicorn,two types of killing were used,one was to catch adults with a net and trample them to death,and the other was to kill the spawning marks with a small hammer.It was found that the control effect of physical killing on longicorn in campus reached 88.5%.Therefore,physical killing control measures are simple,economical and effective,and worth promoting.(3)In the selection test of high efficiency and low toxicity pesticides for Rose powdery mildew,four pesticides were selected,i.e.Medium-preservation Feigesen Manganese Zinc Nitrile 62.25%Wettable Powder 1500 times,Medium-preservation Carbendazole 50%Wettable Powder 1000 times,Medium-preservation Difenoconazole 10%Emulsion 1500 times,Xinchaoyang Fenrusaining 0.4%Soluble 300 times.The control effect was as follows:Medium-preservation flying.Godsen manganese zinc nitrile mycozole 62.25%wettable powder 1500 times liquid>Medium phenylether methylcyclazole 10%EC 1500 times liquid control effect>Medium phenylether carbendazole 50%wettable powder 1000 times liquid control effect>Xinchaoyang Fenruining 0.4%solution 300 times liquid control effect.5.Based on the preliminary investigation and experimental results,some suggestions on the control measures of garden plant diseases and insect pests were put forward.Conventional control measures can start with plant quarantine,cultivation and maintenance,physical and mechanical control,chemical control,biological control,and the establishment of early warning and control network system of pests and diseases.In seasonal control measures,different measures should be taken in different seasons in order to play a positive role in the prevention and control of pests and diseases.Through the research on the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests in campus greening,the basic situation of plant diseases and insect pests in campus was determined,and the main pests and diseases were tested,the causes of pests and diseases were analyzed,and then the prevention and control measures of plant diseases and insect pests in campus were put forward,which had certain reference value for effectively preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests in campus greening and improving the effect of campus beautification.