| Garden-pavilion is one of the most important recreational facilities in urban park.It has the functions of recreation and communication,landscape and view,shading and weathering,organizing public activities and cultural inheritance.After the systematic review of urban parks and garden-pavilions in this paper,the author visited 134 garden-pavilions in 17 urban parks in Fuzhou city.And,the author comprehensive analysis of the statistics of garden-pavilions in Fuzhou urban park of plane type,roof type,style,combination,location,color,chair,surrounding the cultivation of planting and activity types.On the basis of using the Delphi method to determine the index factor of suitability evaluation of urban park pavilion space,using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to construct evaluation index system of space suitability of garden-pavilions in urban park and calculate the weight of each index.Finally,according to the previous analysis,52 garden-pavilions of five representative urban parks in Fuzhou city were selected and the corresponding optimization Suggestions were put forward.It is hoped that the research of this paper can provide reference for the layout,design and reconstruction of the garden-pavilions or other garden buildings in Fuzhou city.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Plane type of garden-pavilions is more abundant in Fuzhou city park,with more squares(32.09%),rectangles(22.39%),regular hexagons(17.91%)and round(16.42%).The roof type of garden-pavilions present the characteristics of traditional roof style,and the modern roof style is the auxiliary feature.Among them,the most widely used is the top,which accounts for 66.42%,followed by the peak of 11.94%.The traditional pavilions in style are the majority,the number of modern pavilions are small,and the western-style pavilion is only one.The combination form of the garden-pavilions is dominated by single pavilion(69.49%),multi-pavilion(10.17%)and pavilion gallery(19.49%).The bridge pavilion is only one of Jinshan Park.The site was composed of flat land(29.10%),water(37.31%)and mountain(33.58%).Garden-pavilions on colour are mostly used for color of traditional architecture in our country,the gray tiles and scarlet architecture,gray stone stylobate.Some garden-pavilions will be decorated with colorful paintings,and others tend to be concise,to the original wood color rendering.The modern pavilion does not tend to be similar in color application,which is mainly based on the materials used to construct the pavilion.The material of the garden-pavilion are made of wood and masonry,with 82%of 134 garden pavilions equipped with seats.Overall,the seat width is between 0.2?0.4m,and the height is between 0.45?0.5m.The plants around the garden-pavilions are commonly used in native gardens.The types of activities in the garden-pavilions mainly include literary and artistic activities,communication and communication,nursing and other negative activities.(2)Based on the characteristics of garden-pavilions and the construction of space suitability and users' demand,this paper constructs evaluation index system of space suitability of garden-pavilions in urban park.The criteria for selecting layer by Delphi method are as follows:spatial layout reasonable,architecture and environment coordination,comfort of space use.The 13 index layer factors are walking accessibility,management accessibility,surrounding environment superiority,style,form,color,size,material,security,view suitability,sitting comfort,practicable to cover the weather,social interaction suitability.(3)The judgment matrix is constructed.By comparing two index factors and the weight of each index value,the results are as follows:comfort of space use(0.4714)>spatial layout reasonable(0.3923)>architecture and environment coordination(0.1363);security(0.2855)>walking accessibility(0.1945)>surrounding environment superiority(0.1497)>sitting comfort(0.0780)>view suitability(0.0532)>style(0.0487)>management accessibility(0.0481)>scale(0.0379)>practicable to cover the weather(0.0352)>color(0.0231)>social interaction suitability(0.0195)>form(0.0144)>material(0.0121).(4)In this paper,52 garden-pavilions(from West Lake Park,South Park,Hot Spring Park,Wushan Scenery District and Beach Park)which covered traditional pavilion and modern pavilion were selected.Research results show that:South Park(8.1197)>West Lake Park(7.8831)>Wushan Scenery District(7.1831)>Beach Park(7.1159)>Hot Spring Park(6.9911).The spatial distribution of the garden-pavilions in West Lake Park are reasonable,the scores of building and environment coordination are high,and the two indexes of the garden-pavilions in Hot Spring Park are both lower,which need to be further improved.The space usage of garden-pavilion in South Park is slightly higher than that of West Lake Park.Garden-pavilions in Beach Park have the lowest space use.All the indicators of Wushan Scenery District are in the middle level.(5)The problems and Suggestions:the overall space environment surrounding the garden-pavilions of Fuzhou city park are not rich enough in the space layout.Garden-pavilions with the transition of water,planting bridging is poorer.The garden-pavilions built on the lake lack hydrophilicity.The plant configuration around the flat site is less ideal.On the architectural design of garden-pavilion,types of style and material use monotonous,more for traditional antique pavilion,modern garden-pavilion not only small in number,and also is more modelling simplify the inheritance of traditional garden-pavilion style.It lacks of innovation.The material is wood more.There are some stone,thatched.And,for the use of new materials is not universal.For space use of garden-pavilions,one is the security hidden danger of individual garden-pavilions.It should be repaired and improved.Second,the research found that the use of the garden-pavilions are similar to that of a single group,mainly middle-aged and elderly people.Some of the garden-pavilions have poor comfort,not taking into account ergonomics.Aiming at the above problems,the following Suggestions are proposed:From the garden-pavilion itself as the landscape interspersing,the convenience of tourists to stop to rest,the view of this three aspects of the function of the comprehensive consideration,it is suggested that priority should be given to setting the garden-pavilion at the entrance of the park and scattered at the intersection of main road,park road and theme function area.At the same time,the design of hydrophilic design,garden-pavilion and surrounding plant planting are also considered.Different types of space can be created by using plants.In terms of architecture and environment coordination,on the basis of the overall unity of the park-pavilion,the garden-pavilion will be increased in a more diversified way.And the reasonable estimate the environmental bearing capacity to determine the scale of the garden-pavilion,according to the environmental tone to determine the color of the garden-pavilion,on the material selection,old and new materials.Use comfort in space,the author advocates to strengthen the plant configuration to create a good microclimate,and reasonable design of seat layout,width,height,backrest,to improve comfort... |
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