| With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards,subway are playing an increasingly important role in alleviating urban traffic and pollution pressures and improving the layout of urban functions.In our country many large and medium-sized cities also began a new round of subway project construction climax.However,at the same time,the subway is a public place with a high concentration of personnel,and the internal building structure is complex.There are many types of mechanical and electrical equipment and it may become a major safety hazard.Once a fire occurs,it will easily cause serious casualties and bad Social influence.Therefore,in the face of many influencing factors that may cause fire hazard in subway,how to establish a reasonable and effective fire safety assessment model,scientifically,accurately analyze and evaluate the fire risk,and put forward the preventive and improvement measures.It is of great practical significance to ensure the fire safety of urban subway and reduce the accident loss and harm.However,most of the existing studies use the qualitative evaluation based on subjective experience.the lack of scientific quantitative evaluation methods,and the existing evaluation indicators can not be selected from the overall perspective of the system,lack of theoretical basis and operation is not operable.This paper follows the engineering principle of "man-machine-ring-pipe" safety system,and constructs the evaluation index system of subway fire safety in our country by combining with the actual investigation results of subway in many places.On this basis,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method of entropy weight is used.By combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis,a fire safety assessment model of metro is put forward.Taking Zhengzhou Metro Line 1 as an example,a comprehensive and systematic fire risk assessment for the unit is carried out.Aiming at the hidden trouble of fire fighting in the course of subway operation,the corresponding improvement measures are put forward.The main contents of this thesis include:(1)Based on the existing literature research,combined with the actual research results in many places and the opinions of experts in this field,the main influencing factors of subway fire safety were effectively identified,mainly from the equipment,management,personnel,environment,driving,goods and information.The evaluation index system of subway fire risk is scientific and operable.(2)The comprehensive evaluation method of entropy weight was introduced into the evaluation of subway fire safety.The study was conducted on the No.1 subway line of Zhengzhou City.The research found that the overall score was 92 points at the current stage,reaching the domestic first-class level.The risk of fire is low,the security situation is good,and the evaluation results of various indicators are also high.(3)Based on the study of some typical fire protection problems exposed by Metro Line 1 in Zhengzhou City,a series of measures to improve the safety conditions of metro in other cities are put forward,mainly from the aspects of equipment,management and articles.The personnel and policy support input are elaborated in detail,such as perfecting fire monitoring system,optimizing fire safety management organization,strengthening dangerous goods detection and deepening fire prevention education and training in an all-round way.Through the scientific and reasonable evaluation model,the above research can make the subway management company and fire management personnel accurate,comprehensively grasp the situation of subway fire safety,facilitate the fire prevention and safety management work,and prevent the occurrence of subway fire accident.It is helpful to improve the safety of subway operation,reduce the injury to the personnel and the loss caused by it.Moreover,it has a positive reference for the similar fire safety evaluation of subways in cities. |
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