| Green development is a new development concept that gives consideration to economic growth,resource consumption and environmental pollution.At present,the phenomenon of industrial agglomeration exists universally and there are various types of agglomeration.Industrial agglomeration can influence regional economic green development through agglomeration economic benefit and crowding effect.Moreover,different types of industrial agglomeration have different impacts.There is spatial heterogeneity in knowledge and technology spillovers,capital sharing and environmental resource problems caused by specialization,related diversification and unrelated diversification.In view of this,this paper takes eco-efficiency as a tool to measure the level of green industrial development,and analyzes the influence of different types of industrial agglomeration on industrial eco-efficiency.First of all,the index system of industrial eco-efficiency was constructed,and the super efficiency SBM model containing non-expected output was selected to calculate the industrial eco-efficiency of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2017,so as to analyze the present situation and changing trend of industrial eco-efficiency in China.Secondly,the Krugman index is used to measure the concentration of industrial specialization.Then,38 industrial sectors are divided into 6 categories by using the multidimensional scaling method of basic weights.Based on this result,the entropy index method is selected to calculate the related diversification and the unrelated diversification.According to the calculated results,the present situation and changing trend of industrial agglomeration in China are analyzed.Finally,the panel Tobit regression model is used to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration on China’s industrial eco-efficiency and spatial heterogeneity.The main results show as follows:(1)China’s industrial eco-efficiency presents a U-shaped trend,with the lowest point appearing in 2009 and is now on the rise,indicating that China’s industrial eco-efficiency is improving at this stage.The variation trend of industrial eco-efficiency in the north and south regions and the four regions is the same as that in the whole country,the south is higher than the north,and the gap has been expanding since 2012.The difference of industrial eco-efficiency values in the four regions is significant,the eastern region is much higher than the other three regions,and the central region has thelowest efficiency values.(2)China’s industrial specialization cluster presents a U-shaped trend.The north is obviously higher than the south,and the change range of the north is not obvious,while the south shows a significant decline.Among the four regions,the central and northeast regions have the same changing trend as the whole country,with the eastern region showing an increasing trend year by year and the western region showing a decreasing trend.Among them,the industrial specialization agglomeration value is the highest in western China.China’s related diversification cluster presents an inverted U-shaped trend.The south was higher than the north and both rose.The trend of the four regions is the same as that of the whole country.In China,unrelated diversified industrial agglomeration presents an S-shaped change trend,which first declines,then rises and then declines.The trend in the north and south is the same as in the whole country,and the south is higher than the north.Among the four regions,the eastern region and the central region showed the same trend as the whole country,while the western region showed a rising trend of fluctuation,while the northeast showed a U-shaped trend.Northeast China has the highest degree of industrial unrelated diversification.(3)At the national level,the effect of industrial specialization agglomeration on China’s ecological efficiency presents a U-shaped nonlinear change relationship,and the current agglomeration degree is lower than the critical value,which is not conducive to the improvement of ecological efficiency.The effect of related diversification on ecological efficiency is not significant.Non-correlated diversification shows a significant negative impact on ecological efficiency.Therefore,China should further promote the specialization of industrial division,improve the concentration level of industrial specialization,make it cross the inflection point,in order to promote the improvement of ecological efficiency.(4)From the perspective of north-south difference,the influence of industrial agglomeration on ecological efficiency is obviously heterogeneous.The change of industrial eco-efficiency in the southern region is mainly affected by the specialized agglomeration,which has a U-shaped relationship.,while in the northern region,both the specialized agglomeration and the diversified agglomeration have a significant U-shaped relationship on the ecological efficiency.Therefore,the north and south regions should combine their own development characteristics,formulate differentiatedindustrial policies,and reasonably guide agglomeration.(5)From the perspective of four regional differences,the influence of industrial agglomeration on ecological efficiency is also heterogeneous.Industrial specialization agglomeration in the eastern region inhibits the improvement of ecological efficiency,while related diversification agglomeration promotes the improvement of ecological efficiency.The influence of industrial specialization agglomeration and industrial-related diversification agglomeration on ecological efficiency in central China presents a U-shaped relationship.The effect of industrial specialization concentration on ecological efficiency in western China is u-shaped,and the effect of diversification is not significant.The influence of industrial specialization on ecological efficiency in northeast China presents an inverted U-shaped relationship,while the influence of non-related diversification on ecological efficiency presents a U-shaped relationship.Therefore,various regions formulate differentiated industrial agglomeration policies to promote the improvement of ecological efficiency. |
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