Comparative Study On The Impacts Of Different Types Of Environmental Regulations On Green Technology Innovation

The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that we must practice the concept of green development,realize green and high-quality economic development,and build a beautiful China.In order to achieve this goal,we must solve the problem of environmental pollution.Both theory and practice have shown that green technological innovation is a feasible and responsible way to combat pollution.The original intention of environmental regulation is to improve the quality of the environment.If appropriate regulatory policies can be selected to further dig out its green incentive effect,it will help us achieve the goal of building a beautiful China.In this context,the following issues are worthy of our consideration.Whether command-controlled environmental regulation,economic incentive environmental regulation,and voluntary environmental regulation can promote China's green technology innovation?what is its mechanism? and whether there is spatial heterogeneity?Which of the three types of environmental regulation has the largest green incentive effect and who has the smallest?In order to solve the these problems,this article does the following researches.Firstly analyzes the current status of the three types of environmental regulations and green technology innovation.Then discusses the mechanism of the three types of environmental regulations on green technology innovation.And further established the Cournot model to compare the relative magnitude of the green incentive effects of these three types of environmental regulations.Finally,based on the data of 31 provinces in China from 2005 to 2015,the traditional panel and spatial measurement models were used to analyze the regulatory incentive effect and the relative magnitude of the incentive effect of the three types of environments,and an intermediate mechanism model is further established to test the action mechanism of the command-controlled environmental regulation.The research in this paper draws the following main conclusions:(1)The level of green technology innovation in China rose overall from 2005 to 2015 and it in the eastern region is higher than in the central and western regions.The level of green technology is spatially clustered.The top three provinces for green technology innovation are Shanghai,Beijing,and Tianjin,and the last three provinces are Yunnan,Gansu,and Guizhou.(2)Command-controlled environmental regulation can significantly promote China's green technology innovation,the incentive effect is the largest in the eastern region,and the incentive effect is the smallest in the western region.The regulatory policy has the mediating effect of industrial structure upgrading.(3)The green incentive effect of economic incentive environmental regulations and voluntary environmental regulations is negative.(4)Of the three types of environmental regulations,the largest green incentive effect is command-and-control environmental regulation,and the smallest is voluntary environmental regulation.(5)There is a positive space spillover effect in green technology innovation.Based on the research results,we draw four policy implications:(1)Emphasis on the use of command-and-control environmental regulatory policies.(2)Eliminate the restrictive factors that restrict the role of economic incentives and voluntary environmental regulatory policies.(3)Optimize resource allocation and upgrade China's industrial structure.(4)Establish technology sharing area groups to further play the positive spillover role of green technology innovation.The innovation of this paper is mainly in the following two aspects.On the one hand,the research perspective is relatively novel,the environmental regulations are subdivided into command-control,economic incentive,and voluntary environmental regulations for comparative research;On the other hand,the research methods are relatively novel.Taking into account the space spillover effect of green technology innovation,in addition to the traditional panel data model for empirical testing,a spatial lag model and a spatial Dubin model are further introduced for quantitative testing.The disadvantage is that the measures of the three types of environmental regulations are not comprehensive enough.In addition,the spatial weight matrix does not consider the geographic distance spatial weight matrix and economic geospatial weight.