Research On Internal And External Factors And Mechanism Affecting Pilot's Flight Unsafe Behaviors

Pilot's unsafe behavior is still one of the main reasons for aviation accidents nowadays.Some measures such as promoting regarded regulations,providing necessary training or using some punitive actions are very common for most airlines to tackle this problem.However,those measures for pilot's unsafe behavior management are considered to be lack of pertinence,and may along with low efficiency and bad effects.The recurrence rate of unsafe behavior and the potential safety hazard would be increased greatly.This paper aims to study the internal and external factors,explore the influencing mechanism of pilot's unsafe behavior.Both elements have important guiding significance for pertinence managing improvement as well as recurrence rate of unsafe behavior and potential safety hazard reduction.This paper aims to study different phases and characteristics of flight,combine the discipline theories and data analysis to define the boundaries between internal and external factors,then initially determine the main reasons of pilot's unsafe behavior.Besides,this relevant talks of experts and questionnaire have been used to correct the internal and external factors of pilot's unsafe behavior.This paper concludes main seven internal factors which cause pilot's unsafe behavior: risk perception,prospective memory,decision-making,attention,hazardous attitudes,flight technique skills,mental and physical fatigue and so on.The eight external factors include: bad weather conditions,cockpit lay-out,automatic system,working procedure,training,reward and punishment,external communication,crew teamwork and so on.According to the airline researchers,Quick Access Recorder(QAR)data is selected as the measurement standards of the unsafe behaviors in this paper.Based on the mentioned factors above,the hypothesis about mechanism affecting the unsafe behavior of pilot is proposed and the hypothesis model with the structural equation model(SEM)is constructed.Then the mechanism model will be tested and modified through the empirical evidence.The result shows that risk perception,prospective memory,decision-making,attention as well as flight technique skills cause negative effects on pilot's unsafe behaviors.The hazardous attitudes and fatigue cause a positive effect on unsafe behavior.The intensity of influence are(from high to low): flight technique skills,fatigue,prospective memory,decision-making,hazardous attitudes,risk perception,attention.Cockpit lay-out,automatic systems,working procedure,training,reward and punishment,external communication as well as crew teamwork have an obviously negative effect on pilot's unsafe behaviors.Meanwhile,the bad weather conditions have significantly positive effects on pilot's unsafe behaviors.The intensity of influence are(from high to low): bad weather conditions,automatic system,cockpit lay-out,external communication,working procedure,crew teamwork,reward and punishment,training.Internal factors are significantly positive or negative mediating effects between external factors and unsafe behavior.