The Effect Of Social Support Network On Subjective Well-being Among New Mothers

Being a new mother is the most critical turning point in the process of women's life development.In order to be competent for a new role and adapt to a new environment,novice mothers need not only to learn parenting knowledge and skills,but also to face the changes in family relations brought about by the birth of their children.This is a process of learning,adaptation and transformation.Through literature review,it is found that: first,novice mothers will produce negative emotions,such as tension,anxiety,etc.in role switching.Negative emotions have great influence on their physiology and psychology.Psychologically,negative emotions can cause the subjective well-being of novice mothers to decline,and even postpartum depression and other symptoms.Second,from the perspective of social support,researchers found that social support plays a positive role in predicting the subjective well-being of novice mothers,especially social support plays an important role in their role adaptation and mental health.Third,when researchers study the relationship between social support and novice mothers' subjective well-being,they mainly put forward from the perspective of nursing that nursing staff should provide more information support to novice mothers and explain the importance of evaluation support to their families.However,there are few researches that suggest social work intervention.Based on the current situation of the above research,this research focuses on social support network,and takes ecosystem theory and social resource theory as theoretical basis,and conducts questionnaire survey and in-depth interview on novice mothers to explore the influence of social support network on novice mothers' subjective well-being.This study investigated the current situation of novice mothers' social support network through questionnaires,and divided the social support network of novice mothers into emotional support network,practical support network and social communication support network.The three dimensions of network scale,networkrelationship composition and network heterogeneity are constructed in these three types of networks,among which network heterogeneity needs to be expressed by some social characteristics.This study divides social characteristics into: gender,educational level,occupation and age.Therefore,there are six dimensions in the above three types of support networks: network size,relationship composition,gender heterogeneity,educational level heterogeneity,occupational heterogeneity and age heterogeneity.At the same time,SWBS-CC20 measures the subjective well-being of novice mothers.Based on the statistical analysis of the three types of social support networks for novice mothers,it is found that the networks of the three types of support networks are all small in scale.Novice mothers tend to obtain emotional support and practical support from strong relationship members such as relatives,and carry out social communication with weak relationship members.The difference in social characteristics between weak relationship members is small.At the same time,the total gross score of subjective well-being of novice mothers was counted,with an average of 77.07 points,which was in the middle level.On this basis,through regression analysis,it is found that: in the emotional support network,the heterogeneity of network size and educational level has a significant impact on the subjective well-being of novice mothers;In the actual support network,network size,network relationship composition and gender heterogeneity have significant effects on novice mothers' subjective well-being.In the social communication support network,the network size has a significant impact on the subjective well-being of novice mothers.In addition,this study conducted in-depth interviews on 10 novice mothers,and conducted interviews on the influence of emotional support network,actual support network and social communication network on the subjective well-being of novice mothers.It was found that the subjective well-being of the 10 novice mothers was at a moderate level,and the influencing factors of their subjective well-being were different according to individual circumstances,but the social support network had a greater influence on them.Combining the analysis results of questionnaire data with qualitative research results,it is found that social support network has great influence on the subjective well-being of novice mothers.However,the social support network of novice mothers is relatively narrow,with small scale and high proportion of strong relationships and high homogeneity among members.Therefore,this paper puts forward countermeasures from three levels: at the individual level,novice mothers should expand the network scale,actively participate in social activities,and make friends of different types;At the social level,promote the involvement of social organizations;At the national level,establish relevant welfare policies and systems.