Quantitative Study On The Relationship Between Supply And Demand Of Ecosystem In Kunming Area

To scientifically understand the relationship between ecosystem services and human needs is of great significance for solving the contradiction between urban ecological security and economic development and promoting regional sustainable development.In recent years,the economy of Kunming has developed rapidly,but the contradiction between economic development and the natural environment has become increasingly prominent.In view of the lack of research on the relationship between ecosystem services and human needs in Kunming,starting from ecosystem services and human needs,the model of ecosystem supply and demand is established according to the characteristics of Kunming plateau urban ecosystem,the relationship between supply and demand of Kunming ecosystem is analyzed quantitatively through the improved functional equivalent evaluation method.According to the results of quantitative analysis,this paper analyzes the main contradiction between the supply and demand of Kunming ecosystem and put forward corresponding suggestions,hoping to provide some ideas for the development and construction of Kunming in the future.The main research results are as follows:(1)In terms of time variation,the equivalent service value of ecosystem services in Kunming in 2007,2012 and 2017 was 26.076 million,25.417 million and 25.534 million respectively.The overall ecological service capacity of Kunming showed a downward trend but the amount of change.Not big,and there is a tendency to ease.The value of ecosystem services in the three years reached 53.879 billion yuan,59.309 billion yuan and 63.891 billion yuan respectively,which reflects the rapid improvement of economic development level of Kunming.(2)In terms of spatial variation,the low-equivalent equivalent areas are concentrated in the urban and urban agglomerations with construction land and the alpine valleys with poor vegetation coverage;while the high-grade equivalent areas are in wetlands,water bodies and woodlands.The Lord is mainly distributed in the suburbs far from cities and towns.During the study period,the range of low-grade equivalent zones and high-grade equivalent zones continued to expand,and the range of medium-grade equivalent zones continued to shrink.(3)The forestland,grassland and wetland in Kunming have the greatest impact on the ecosystem service value,and the influence coefficient of forest land and wetland is continuously improved.To improve the value of ecosystem services,it is necessary to control the expansion of construction land and arable land,and return grassland,forests and lakes.(4)The equivalent service value of ecosystem services in three years in Kunming was 33.397 million,33.820 million and 34.166 million,respectively.The ecological demand gap was 7.321 million,8.403 million and 8.532 million,accounting for 21.92%,24.85%and 24.97%of the total demand.The ecosystem services have not met the demand,and the contradiction between ecosystem supply and demand is prominent.(6)Analyze the status quo and problems of ecosystem supply and demand in Kunming and put forward corresponding ecological development and construction measures.The functional equivalent method is innovatively applied to the study of ecosystem supply and demand in plateau mountain cities in this paper,and it is a supplement to the research on plateau mountain city ecosystem.