Research On The Classification Of Land Space Management And Control Types Based On The Supply And Demand Relationship Of Ecosystem Services

With Fangchenggang City being positioned as the main gateway of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area,the important port of departure of the "Maritime Silk Road" and the construction of an important city of "the belt and road initiative",the city’s economy and society have achieved rapid development and progress.At the same time,it also brings about the uneven distribution of urban population and economy,damages the superior ecological environment and abundant natural resources,and challenges the land use and management.In order to solve the increasingly severe shortage of urban resources,the difficulties in the allocation of land space,the lack of ecological space and other current problems,effective control of land space must be carried out.In view of this,this paper selects Fangchenggang City as the research object,takes the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services as the research breakthrough point,calculates and obtains the value of ecosystem services according to the value equivalent factor method,and regards it as the supply amount.At the same time,it uses various economic and social indicators per capita in production and life to calculate the demand,and outputs the quadrant distribution result map.Then,based on LUCC’s ecosystem service supply and demand matrix method,the matching degree of supply and demand and the coordination degree of supply and demand in the research area are calculated,and spatial autocorrelation aggregation LISA map is output by means of spatial analysis tools Arcgis and Geo Da.According to the spatial superposition results,the land-ecological control types are divided,and the corresponding control measures are put forward according to the actual situation of each partition.Through research,the following conclusions are mainly obtained:(1)Using equivalent factor method to obtain ecosystem service value,which will be used as reference for supply level after correction.The supply and demand of ecosystem services affect each other.Through the supply and demand matrix based on LUCC,the matching degree of supply and demand and the coordination degree of supply and demand are calculated to masterthe carrying capacity of regional ecosystem services and the sustainability of ecosystem services.The evaluation method in this paper is the integration and deepening of the existing research and has universality and practicability.(2)The revised estimate shows that the total value of ecosystem services in Fangchenggang City in 2017 is 45.846 billion yuan.The service values of different ecological types from large to small are forest land-river waters-cultivated land-garden land-grassland-marsh land and bare land-transportation land-town village and industrial and mining land;The service value of the first-class ecological service type is from large to small,which is regulation service-support service-supply service-cultural service.(3)In 2017,the high score area of ecosystem service supply capacity and the low score area of demand capacity of Fangchenggang City are mainly distributed in the central and northwest areas of Fangchenggang City,mainly because the area has large areas of forest farms and cultivated land with high ecosystem service value,and the land use types are diverse and the ecological environment is properly protected.The low-score area of supply capacity and the high-score area of demand capacity are mainly concentrated in the densely populated urban areas in the southeast.This area is close to the river waters,where human production and life are concentrated.The demand for ecosystem services is large,while the economy is developing relatively fast,the land utilization rate is low,and the ecological environment is seriously damaged,resulting in the low value of ecosystem services.(4)In 2017,the matching degree between supply and demand of ecosystem services in Fangchenggang City is at a medium equilibrium level,showing a pattern of low in northwest,southeast and high in west and east.The degree of coordination between supply and demand of ecosystem services is medium,and the spatial difference is mainly divided along the northeast-southwest trend,showing a low level in the southeast and a high level in the northwest.The proportion of villages and towns with moderate or higher coordination degree of ecological service supply and demand is 73%,reflecting the sustainable development and virtuous circle between actual supply and demand in the research area.(5)Based on the local spatial autocorrelation characteristics of ecosystem service supply and demand indicators,27 township administrative units in Fangchenggang City are divided into 4land-ecological zones,and specific control measures are proposed.Among them,the national territory-ecological reserve attaches great importance to the strict protection of the existing ecology and strictly prohibits large-scale development and disorderlyconstruction.Land-ecological cultivation areas adopt differentiated measures to maintain the supply capacity of ecosystem services for high-score land types,and at the same time,improve the ecological service benefits of surrounding low-score land.Land-ecological improvement areas should improve various low-value land types of ecosystem services through multiple ways,introduce social investment capital,and improve the level of land use and the output benefits of ecosystem services.Land-ecological reconstruction areas will carry out pilot work combining land remediation and ecological restoration to increase the proportion of ecological economy.