Analysis Of Spatial Conflict And Ecological Security Situation In The Ecological Resettlement Areas Of Southern Ningxia

Space reconstruction caused by ecological migration is one of the manifestations of spatial conflicts,and it is also an integral part of the study of the relationship between ecological migration and environment.The intensification of space conflict will bring about the mismatch of space resources and the imbalance of the ecosystem.For the fragile areas,the threat to ecological security is more significant.Based on the relevant research results,this paper studied the ecological resettlement areas from the perspective of geography and ecology to measure the size of the spatial conflict intensity at the two time points—before and after the migration,and makes a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the ecological security.The research objects are divided by the spatial location of resettlement sites and the geographical structure of resettlement areas;Classification of land use types in ecological resettlement area by RS remote sensing technology;Using simple random sampling method and layer weight assignment method to calculate sample households;Getting the survey data through semi structured interviews,and decomposing the index system of ecological security to obtain the data for research.Based on MATLAB R2014a,with the help of Normal cloud model generator,made a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of ecological security before and after resettlement in resettlement areas.In Vensim software,completed the modeling in ecological resettlement areas which included four aspects:resource,population,social economy and environment,and made a scenario simulation analysis of ecological security in the next 10 years.Under the support of the coupling model,made a coupling analysis of spatial conflicts and ecological safety in resettlement areas,then founded major control areas.Finally,the spatial differentiation factors of space conflict and ecological safety are diagnosed by Geo-detector,put forward the key and strategy of regulation.The results showed that:(1)Spatial conflict is an objective phenomenon of unbalanced spatial structure which originated from scarcity of space resources and unlimited demand of human economic activities,and it arises from the competition of space resources and the process of spatial reconstruction.The construction of the ecological resettlement areas changed the landscape pattern of the original village in the spatial level,the phenomenon of spatial conflicts caused by ecological migration exists objectively.(2)After ecological migration,the spatial conflict in the resettlement areas has been intensified,which showed that the increased of spatial conflict intensity index and transformation of spatial types after the migration.The results based on the migration direction of ecological migration showed that:(spatial variability of conflict intensity)migration of outside the town(mean 0.3317)>inside migration(mean 0.1707),which indicated the outside of the migrant direction was more likely to cause the imbalance in spatial structure.From the spatial deprivation index,migration outside the countryside was more likely to weaken the development capability of the surrounding villages.Based on the geographical structure of the resettlement areas,the change of spatial conflict intensity index(SCI)showed that:Wedge + Mosaic a(mean 0.3682)>Mosaic b(mean 0.1993)>Mosaic a(mean 0.1805),it showed that the placement structure of Wedge + Mosaic a will bring the bigger spatial conflict.Among them,the spatial conflict of Mosaic a is minimal and the negative transformation of space brought by migration is minimal,it is the best way to carry out ecologic resettlement in the future.(3)Based on the results of normal cloud model fuzzy comprehensive evaluation:ecological security of the ecological resettlement areas showed four levels:less safety,critical safety,safer and safety.After migration,the transformation of ecological safety level was not obvious.From the measure values,showed a certain degree of decline,which showed that the environmental interference and coercion brought by ecological migration was objective existence.The threat of ecological conflicts caused by ecological migration was still within the threshold controllable range.According to the results of the ecological security system simulation,there will be a upward trend of the ecological resettlement areas’ ecological security in the next 10 years,and it was mainly manifested in the social and economic system level.However,the ecological security of environmental subsystem and resource subsystem presented a downward trend,which showed that the recent development of ecological resettlement areas was at the cost of depriving natural resources and destroying the surrounding environment.Lack of resources and threats to the environment would be the major issues of ecological resettlement areas in the future,and establishing an ecological and economical industry in the ecological resettlement areas needs to be solved urgently.(4)From the perspective of the overall ecological resettlement areas,the degree of coupling and coordination between spatial conflict and ecological security is good(mean 0.5290>0.5).After migration,the degree of coordination between systems presented a certain degree of downward trend(mean value 0.5052).The degree of coordination in some resettlement areas has changed from highly coordinated to moderately coordinated.From the results of the coupling,except in the village of Ya er gou,most resettlement areas was the type of ecologically safe restriction,which showed that ecological security is an important factor that restricts the development of ecological immigrant settlements comparing with spatial conflict.After ecological migration,the Yaerlegou Village,Yanbu Village,Nongke Village and Gangou Village was the main villages that carry out control of spatial conflicts and ecological security in the future.(5)The detection results of the spatial differentiation factors about Geo-detector showed that:the intensity of spatial development and the intensity of agricultural reservation was main factors that affected the spatial conflicts of ecological resettlement areas.Per capita resource occupancy and solid waste emissions was the main factors of increasing environmental pressure.About the regulation of spatial conflict,which should focus on the area and speed of development and construction land,and ensure the balance of various land uses from the space proportion.It is critical to prevent the further deterioration of ecological security in the resettlement areas that protect basic life before and after migration and the improvement of environmental infrastructure in ecological resettlement areas.