Research On Emergency Plan Of Oil-gas Pipeline Leakage Accident Based On "Scenario-Response"

As a public infrastructure,oil and gas pipelines provide convenience for urban development and residents’ lives,but there are also many hidden accidents.In recent years,the oil and gas pipeline industry in China has been booming,and the total mileage and number of pipelines have continuously increased.However,pipelines are often affected by risk factors such as natural disasters,corrosion,drilling and oil theft,and construction,leading to pipeline leakage and fire.Accidents such as explosions and explosions not only cause damage to people’s lives and property,but also cause serious pollution to the surrounding environment.Therefore,in order to effectively reduce the serious harm caused by pipeline accidents,it is of great significance to actively take effective emergency measures and carry out research on emergency plans.This paper,with the support of the National Science and Technology Support Plan(2015BAK16B04),studied typical oil and gas pipeline accidents from 2007 to 2017,and summarized the development law of accidents;analyzed the accident scenarios,built accident deduction models,and used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Calculate the weight of the pipeline failure probability index,establish the environmental risk matrix through the probability of oil and gas pipeline failure(P)and the environmental sensitivity of the pipeline(E),determine the environmental risk level of the pipeline,and propose feasible disposal measures for different accident scenarios,and improve emergency plan management.The main research results are as follows:(1)This paper analyzes 42 cases of typical oil and gas pipeline accidents from 2007 to 2017.Studies have shown that oil and gas pipeline emergency environmental incidents are mainly based on oil pipelines;the main causes of accidents are third-party destruction,corrosion,intentional damage,improper operation,materials/welding/equipment failures,and natural disasters;the types of accidents are mainly leakage,leakage and fire,Leakage explosions and leaks fire and explosion;the types of environmental pollution receptors are mainly site pollution,water pollution,and near-shore pollution;the spatial distribution of pipeline accidents mainly occurs in Shaanxi Province,accounting for 21% of accident statistics cases.(2)Build a model of accident scenario deduction.On the basis of summarizing the regular characteristics of oil and gas pipeline accidents,the evolution mechanism of the scenarios and the evolution path of the scenarios are analyzed.Taking the accident of the “11 · 22” Sinopec Donghuang Oil Pipeline in Qingdao as an example,the evolution path and development trend of the accident scenario are deduced,and the deduction result is in line with the actual situation.(3)Determine the pipeline environmental risk classification.In this paper,the possibility of pipeline failure indicators are divided into five first-level indicators,19 second-level indicators,14third-level indicators,the weight of each index is calculated by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and the value of each index is determined according to the weight value.The sum of each indicator’s value is the pipeline failure probability score.According to the effects of pipeline failure on surrounding populations,water environment,ecological environment,and economic receptors,the sensitivity of pipeline environment receptors is determined.Through the possibility of pipeline failure(P)and the sensitivity of the surrounding environmental receptors(E),anenvironmental risk matrix for oil and gas pipelines is established,and the risk level of oil and gas pipeline emergency environmental incidents is divided into general environmental risks,major environmental risks and major environmental risks.(4)Improve emergency plan management.Analyze the different accident scenarios under different pipeline types and the consequences of accidents,and identify the emergency response measures based on the different impacts of pipeline accidents on the surrounding environment.The main contents of the oil and gas pipeline emergency plan system include the general plan,emergency organization and command system,emergency response,post disposal and emergency protection.Based on the above theory,an oil and gas pipeline of a petrochemical company is taken as an example to simulate the way in which emergency response plans for oil and gas pipeline accidents are handled in a scenario response mode.