Research On Chemical Process Safety Based On Risk Analysis

As one of the most important pillar industries in national economy,chemical engineering is closely related with modern life.Recently,along with the development of chemical engineering,more chemical accidents are witnessed with great destructions,which have set off an alarm bell to us.The fact that process safety management based on risks plays an important role in reducing huge accidents has been widely recognized.In this paper,according to the safety science relevant theories of safety science and technology,chemical processes are studied,which include materials,equipment,and technology security.And they indicate that the main task of chemical processes is preventing accidental release of materials or energy.Through analyzing typical accident models,they show that the most likely event is fire explosion,and the following one is leaked poisoning accidents.Even though leaked poisoning accidents can lead to the highest mortality rate,they almost don't damage processing devices.And explosion accidents can cause the most serious economic losses,and most of them are unrestricted vapor cloud explosions.Risk analysis in chemical process including hazard identification,the possibility of accident and possible consequences of severity.This paper has established two theory models,which includes equipment failure probability and substance leaks probability consequences.In this paper,the risk of the process furnace has been analyzed.Obtained in the process furnace of fire,explosion risk,fire,explosion may cause great damage.Tube failure caused by oil spills,burner failure due to coke,which may cause fire,explosion.The styrene tank process risk also has been analyzed,the result shows that poisoning,fires,explosions and other accidents may occur in styrene tank process.ALOHA software has been used to simulation the styrene tank leak consequences.Gaussian model has been used to calculate the consequences of the accidents.Simulation result indicates toxic threat zones of styrene diffusion,the thermal radiation threat zones of pool fire and thermal radiation threat zones of explosion.According to the results of the risk analysis in chemical process,some risk control measures has also been proposed.