| In recent years,with the increasing national environmental protection requirements,refining and chemical enterprises have launched a variety of environmenta l protection projects,the safety and reliability of new environmental protection projects are increasingly concerned by enterprises.In this paper,a new oil and gas recovery device on the train loading and unloading trestle of a refinery in Northwest China is taken as an example.On the basis of in-depth understanding of the process flow and characteristics of the oil and gas recovery device,dangerous and harmful factors such as fire and explosion,poisoning of personnel,static electricity and mechanical injury are identified.The process design,automatic control,e lectrical and other aspects of the oil and gas recovery unit are inspected by using the safety checklist method and combining with the design code for oil and gas recovery facilities in oil loading system(GB50759-2012)and the fire protection design code for petrochemical enterprises(GB50160-2008).Based on the health and safety environment risk matrix of DSH company,the high risk of oil tra in loading and unloading equipment was found out.Through the LOPA semi-quantitative analysis method,the calculation shows that the high risk of oil and gas recovery device is unacceptable,that is,the seal of oil and gas collection pipe line is not strict,the air enters the oil and gas recovery device,reaches the explosion limit,meets the ignition source,has the fire and explosion accident,causes the equipment damage,and the device shutdown.Aiming at this unacceptable risk,Aspen Plus was used to simulate the process flow of oil and gas recovery unit.According to the variable of oil and gas concentration,the relative relationship between oil and gas concentration and explosion limit under different working conditions was simulated.It was concluded that with the decrease of oil and gas concentration,the recovered oil and gas formed explosive gas environment in the unit.At the same time,ALOHA software was used to simulate the leakage and diffusion of combustible gas(propane).Under given conditions,"in the lower explosion limit of more than25% concentration range" reached nearly 90 m downwind direction.Through on-site investigation and risk assessment,there are still many hidden dangers in the oil and gas recovery unit.In view of the existing hidden dangers,this evaluation puts forward 18 control measures from the aspects of process and safe operation,automatic control,electrical and instrumentation,safety management,etc.It provides a strong support for the safe production of the plant,and also provides a reference for the safety management of oil and gas recovery facilities in other enterprises. |
