Remote Sensing Monitoring And Evaluation Of Red Panda Habitat In Jintang Kongyu Nature Reserve

The red panda,a rare animal native to the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains,is list as a second-class protected animal in China.After the third national panda survey found traces of the red panda in Kangding's Pengta,Jintang Kongyu nature reserve was designate as a potential habitat for the giant panda and red panda.We found red panda in 2018 when we was do the vegetation research in here.For better understand the ecological status of the red panda and its habitat in this area,use RS technology to monitor the dynamic changes of the land cover types and assess the ecological environment.The nature reserve established in 1995.The images of 1994 Landsat5 TM,2005 Landsat5 TM and 2016 Landsat8 OLI were selected in this paper,which can not only reflect the dynamic changes of surface information,but also increase the contrast of the impact of human's positive intervention on the ecological environment.(1)FLAASH atmospheric correction can effectively eliminate the influence of atmospheric water vapor and particles on the radiance.Principal component analysis,texture analysis,and tasseled cap transform processing can improving the image quality,which is conducive to improving the accuracy of terrain interpretation.In order to avoid the impact of shrubs on the subdivision of forest,the classification of the surface cover divided into two,shrub,grass,alpine rocky beach,glacier snow and water for first time.Extract the forest and make mask file,combine multi-spectral image and principal component analysis and texture information,and the forest is classified into coniferous forest,broad-leaved forest,and conifer-broad mixed forest.(2)According to the statistics of the area,the number of pixels and the proportion in the total area of the surface coverage types of the three images,the state of forest land has been greatly improved,and the forest land area in 2016 has increased by 1993.32 hm2 compared with that in 1994.Based on the change detection of the land cover type map in 1994 and 2005,obtained the transfer number between different regions,and it was observed that the vegetation succession is mainly shrubs to conifer-broad mixed forest conversion,and various types of forest partially converted.Through transfer number matrix to calculate the transition probability of 1994-2005,use 2005 land cover type as initial status,use Markov prediction model to predict the vegetation type status of 2016 and 2027.(3)Computing images normalized difference vegetation index,based on dimidiate pixel model to estimate vegetation coverage.According to the actual situation in the study area,vegetation coverage ?10% is regarded as non-vegetation area,the surface coverage type is glacial snow and water,10%-30% is low vegetation coverage,30%-50% is medium and low vegetation cover,medium Vegetation coverage is 50%-60%,?60% is high vegetation coverage,and the area of high vegetation coverage exceeds 72% of total area,indicating that the vegetation coverage in the study area is good.Based on the summary of many studies on habitat selection of Qionglai Mountain red panda,this paper selected vegetation type,climate and terrain as impact factors of habitat selection,and the main activity range of the red pandas in the study area is determined to be Yeniugou,a forest area around 3000 m along the Dadu River.Remote sensing image enhancement can improve the accuracy of classification,but the improvement is limited for low-and-medium resolution images.As an ecological environment evaluation index,vegetation coverage to participate in evaluate the habitat environment of the research area.In 2016,the area with an excellent quality ecological environment was 5591.3 hm2,which was 1918.1 hm2 higher than that of 1994.(4)The results of vegetation coverage,vegetation type change and ecological environment assessment in the research area all indicate that the establishment of the nature reserve is conducive to improving the ecological environment quality and protecting species diversity.Based on the multi-temporal change detection technology of remote sensing image,this paper analyzes the changes of surface information and explores the causes of the changes,so as to provide scientific basis for better protection of the red panda and its habitat ecological environment.