| The Ricaniidae belongs to the superfamily Fulgoroidea(Hemiptera:Auchenorrhyncha)with more than 440 species 68 genera around the world and 46 species 8 genera in China,the data includes new genus,new records genus of China and new species in this paper.Many are important pests of agriculture and forestry production.Based on previous studies,taxonomy,comparative morphology and phylogenetic studies of Ricaniidae from China were carried out in this paper.The main results are as follows:1.TaxonomyA systematic classification study of Ricaniidae was carried out based on more than 2000 specimens from China.8 genera and 46 species belonging to Ricaniidae had been mentioned,8 genera and 41 species in Ricaniidae had been identified.These include 2 new genera,1 new records genus of China,12 new species and 11 new combinations.The morphological characters of new species were described,and contrastive characters of new taxa were discussed with similar taxa,12 species female genital characters were reported for the first time.41 species morphological characters,39 species male and 36 species female genital pictures were provided,as well as a key to these genera and species from China in this paper.The new taxa,new records to Chinese fauna and new combination in this study are listed as follows:New genera(2):Succinctupygus gen.nov.,Ricanuloides gen.nov..New records genus from China(1):Ricanoptera Melichar,1898New species(12):Pochazia albomarginata sp.nov.,Ricanula torulosa sp.nov.,Ricanula longa sp.nov.,Ricanula breviunica sp.nov.,Ricanula brevicula sp.nov.,Ricanula latihamata sp.nov.,Ricanula flexa sp.nov.,Ricanula tortila sp.nov.,Ricanuloides aequalis sp.nov.,Ricanuloides globosus sp.nov.,Ricanuloides magnamaculatus sp.nov.,Ricanoptera trinaculata sp.nov..New combinations(11):Pochazia marginalis(Walker,1851)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricania),Pochazia quadrimaculata(Kato,1933)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricania),Pochazia speculum(Walk,1851)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricania),Ricania trinitatis(Chou&Lu,1977)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Pochazia),Ricania zizzata(Chou&Lu,1977)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Pochazia),Succinctupygus taeniata(Stal,1870)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricania),Succinctupygus fumosa(Walker,1851)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricania),Ricanoides chienfengensis(Chou&Lu,1977)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Pochazia),Ricanuloides cacaonis(Chou&Lu,1977)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricania),Ricanuloides fujianensis(Ren,Stroinski&Qin,2016)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricanula),Ricanuloides hainanensis(Ren,Stroinski&Qin,2016)comb.nov.(transferred from genus Ricanula)2.Comparative morphologyExternal morphology of 8 genera 41 species,male genitalia of 8 genera 39 species,female genitalia of 7 genera 36 species in Ricaniidae from China were characterized and compared in this paper.The results showed that there were both similarities and differences among external morphological characters,male genitalia and female genitalia of these genera and speciesComparative morphology of genera:External morphology,male genitalia and female genitalia among the genera were compared.The results showed that there were obvious differences of these genera on external morphological characters(body size,shape of frons,shape and markings of tegmina),male genitalia(shape of genital style,anal segment and aedeagus with the count and style of spinose processes)and female genitalia(shape of anal segment,gonopophysys ?,gonapophyses ? and gonoplac)Comparative morphology of species:External morphology,male genitalia and female genitalia among the species of same genus were compared.The results showed that there were obvious differences of the species in same genus on external morphological characters(mainly reflected in markings of tegmina),male genitalia(mainly reflected in shape of anal segment and aedeagus with the length,shape and curves degree of spinose processes)and female genitalia(mainly reflected in shape of gonoplac and pregenital sternite)3.Phylogenetic studyThe phylogeny of Ricaniidae,including 7species of 7genera from China,was studied using TNTver.1.1(Tree Analysis Using New Technology),based on 35 morphological characters and with Pisacha naga Distant,1906(Fulgoroidea:Nogodinidae)as outgroup.The results are as followsThe phylogenetic relationship of Ricaniidae from China was Euricania+(Ricania+Pochazia+(Ricanuloides+Ricanula)+(Ricanoides+Succinctupygus))Euricania is relatively more ancestral in Ricaniidae.Ricanuloides and Ricanula are consistently recovered as sibling taxa.Synapomorphy of the two genera are costal margin of tegmina with many yellow-white stripes and apical angle with one-two black vitreous spots Ricanoides and Succinctupygus are consistently recovered as sibling taxa.Synapomorphy of the two genera are tegmina with inapparent costal spot and with dark reflective horizontal stripes. |
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