A Study Of The GUJEONG CALENDER In The Joseon Dynasty Period In Korea

I have made a study of GUJEONG CALENDAR,a folk calendar of Joseon.Joseon observed solar eclipses,manufactured water clocks,and used calendar from the Three Kingdoms Period(Baekje,Goguryeo,Silla).Among the three kingdoms,Baekje adopted and used the Yuanjia calendar of the Southern Dynasties(Song Dynasty among them)of China,and Joseon continued to import Chinese calendar and calendar systems.After the Three Kingdoms Period and Goryeo Dynasty,Joseon had “Seoungwan”,an organization that study the astronomy and publishes the calendar,to be in charge of issuing the calendar.Both the calendar systems and the calendar used by Joseon were Chinese traditional lunar calendars.In 1426(the 8th year of King Sejong's reign)of the Joseon Dynasty,banned the use of ”li” letter in the calendar,but instead used as a “rike(the calendar of a year)”.It was later used to refer to the 24 seasonal terms,months,and days of the year.The calendar is divided into government-issued calendars and private calendars printed or copied by individuals in the private sector.Calendars were essential to life,from high-ranking government posts to ordinary people,but the supply volume was limited compared to its needs,so it was frequent for the private sector to illegally create private calendar.The main subject of the text,GUJEONG CALENDAR,is the private calendar.Although it was illegal to produce such a private calendar at the time,it is said that the remaining private calendars contain the actual daily lives of ordinary people at that time and their needs,and that the relationship and impact of Joseon and China at that time are also known,so there is a very important research value.In the introduction,the reasons for the selection of topics,the subjects of the study,the definition of concepts,the general description of precedent research,and the methods of research were written.In particular,this paper deals with things from both Joseon and China,so it was necessary to organize the meanings of some of the terms used in the text.Chapter 1 is an outline of the Joseon calendar.It explained the history of the Joseon calendar and described the compilation and issuance of government-issued calendars and private calendars were conducted by which organizations,and specifically described the impact and status of the calendars on the Joseon people.It also introduced the GUJEONG CALENDAR and its contents.GUJEONG CALENDAR is a private calendar that copied the government-issued calendar,but it was different from the government-issued calendar,because it was compiled according to its needs.By comparing this two things,we could see the similarities and differences.From the second chapter,the contents of the GUJEONG CALENDAR were divided into three main sections and research in detail.First,the second chapter dealt with knowledge of traditional calendar systems.We looked at Chinese traditional calendar systems,namely the lunar calendar,the 24 solar terms and the seasonal terms,how they were used in the lives of the Joseon people and how they influenced them.Chapter 3 is agricultural production and common knowledge of life.Looking at the knowledge of agriculture,such as keeping cattle,poultry farming,and silkworm farming in the GUJEONG CALENDAR,as well as choose an auspicious day and direction,we were able to learn about the important things in the everyday life of the Joseon people and the way they do them and the perceptions they have here.Chapter 4 is 34 stories in the GUJEONG CALENDAR.The biggest difference between the GUJEONG CALENDAR and the Joseon government's issued calendar is 34 stories.The GUJEONG CALENDAR contains stories related to Chinese characters and ancient event,and by researching about the style,content,role and significance of these stories,we could tell why the editor wrote them in the GUJEONG CALENDAR and their significance.