Research On The Formation Of Republic Dual Calendar Structure

From the Republic of China was established in January1st1912to the middle of1930s, modernChina has under gone a series of Calendar-Reform: At that time the Western universal Gregorian calendarwas introduced into China, local lunisolar calendar be relegated to civil society. The Republic ’’dualcalendar structure ’’ is gradually formed in this Calendar-Reform process.In the modernization of the wave, when the traditional Chinese calendar is subject to criticism, someof people began to altered the dating way by secret. However, before1912, the Chinese calendar is alwaysfor the official calendar of national approval. As Nanjing provisional government was established untilJanuary1st1912, Sun Yat-sen published “Calendar-Reform Changed” command, the first time for theofficial calendar to the ’’solar calendar ’’(Gregorian calendar). Thereafter, the state power after the change,but the Gregorian calendar is gradually being recognized. However, the early Republican CentralGovernment ordered the switch to the Gregorian calendar, but did not repeal the Chinese calendar; evenendorsement both of them can be used for social affairs. It is the first time in Modern China get twocalendar. Single national calendar system is broken, Calendar-Reform run to "dual calendar structure".Both calendars are parallel within one country, the natural community to produce many changes. Involvedin the daily life to date, calendar time, multi-switch to the Gregorian calendar by the modern Westerninfluence. People adapt to the both not as same attitude.This phenomenon continued until1928.From1928to1934, the Government concentrated on theabolition of the Chinese calendar to make Gregorian calendar as the only. The Calendar-Reform involveswider range than the Republic of China, the policy is not only for itself, even more about social andcultural reform. The abolition of the Chinese calendar reform, not just stay in the social aspects of life,more in-depth cultural values; Modernization of the Republic of the deepening of the inevitableperformance. However, the eventual abolition of the Chinese calendar decree is very difficult to achieve,folk still maintain two calendars together. In early1934, the Government no longer interfere with thepublic over the Lunar New Year. Since then, the abolition of the old calendar gradually less mentioned, isno longer as a compulsory order. After the War of Resistance Against Japan and the civil war, the Calendar- Reform can not continue more."Dual calendar structure" in this process development and be accept.Republic of China "dual calendar structure" is well received by the world’s calendar, is determined bythe stage of social development of China. Western countries using the Gregorian calendar, the Chinesewant contact with foreign countries, they need to switch to the Gregorian calendar. And according to thelevel of domestic industrial and commercial development of modern social life of some people a deeperlevel, it will also need to introduce the Gregorian calendar. In other words, because the Republic of theeconomic, social Westernization, modernization, development, arising from the needs of the Gregoriancalendar. But ordinary people, especially the majority of farmers still live in traditional agricultural society,still need to meet the agricultural life. Therefore, the formation of the Republic of the old and the newcalendar and behavior performance characteristics of the "dual calendar structure". Same time using theGregorian calendar and the Chinese calendar, the two joint support from the national calendar timesystem, in order to meet the Republic of the needs of society.The "dual calendar structure" formed extensive, involving more aspects of social and cultural impacton the Republic. Astronomi calcalendar westernized promote scientific and technological progress of theRepublic, and enhanced links with the world. Dual calendar and reflects the academic and social reality outof touch. The Calendar-Reform with the Republic of refinement to innovation of traditional Chinese civilculture to accept the choice of the modernization. Traditional festival come to change, Western-styleentertainment is introduced "Dual calendar structure" of the national calendar system and the publicconcept of time changes, different people based on a different calendar life, and their concept of time isalso different. Traditional time system for rural and urban have fractured. Gregorian calendar as the country,penetrated into the life of civil society; the Chinese calendar is with drawn from the formal occasions,more for private.The formation of "dual calendar structure" reflects the contradictions faced by the Modernization ofthe Republic of the course, a reflection of the progress in social change and compromise."Dual calendarstructure" formed in the Republic of China, be continue used now. Learn from this not only for historicalvalue, but also have more practical significance.