| At the end of the Ming Dynasty,the Datong Li was full of flaws,which coincided with the Jesuits coming to China,so the Ming Dynasty adopted the Western calendar to change the calendar and revised the Chongzhen Lishu.Based on the Chongzhen Lishu,the Qing Dynasty,which was founded by his descendants in the Ming Dynasty,created the Shixian Li and issued it to the whole world.The Shixian Li was introduced into the Joseon Dynasty.The Qing Dynasty strengthened the tribute system of China and Joseon Dynasty with the help of the almanac and established a stable relationship with Joseon Dynasty.After the Shixian Li was introduced into Joseon Dynasty,it soon attracted wide attention and attention of the Joseon Dynasty.The Joseon Royal Court continued to introduce the Shixian Li through the annual diplomatic trips to Beijing,by sending academic officials and buying calendar books.After years of painstaking introduction and secret learning,the Joseon Dynasty finally mastered the calculation method of the Seheon Calendar and was able to produce a Joseon-style Shixian Li and print it domestically.Although many Korean scholars questioned and challenged the Shixian Li in this process,it did not shake the position of the Shixian Li as the official calendar in the Joseon Dynasty.The key reason was that the Joseon Dynasty had to follow the time system of the Qing Dynasty.As the carrier of western astronomy,the Shixian Li and the Shixian calendar promoted the progress of the astronomical calendar of Korea after their introduction.Meanwhile,the new astronomical knowledge system also reformed the inherent world outlook of the Korean scholars,and further promoted them to question and reflect on "the theory of round sky and square earth" and the view of Hua Yi.In view of the special nature and function of the almanac in the ancient political operation,the spread of the Shixian Li in Korea also reflects some historical details in the changing course of Sino-Korean relations.Although the Joseon Dynasty actively adopted and learned the Shixian calendar,it ignored the timing rules of the Qing Dynasty,such as the Qing Dynasty’s reign title and Zhengshuo,which were stipulated in the Shixian Li.It secretly used the Ming Dynasty’s year name and the Chongzhen reign title,and even changed the Qing reign title in the Shixian Li.Since ancient times,Korea has called itself "Little China",taking "admiring China" and "serving great power" as its standard,while the Qing Dynasty has always been dismissed as "Yidi",so Korea has been dismissive of it.Although it was forced to "serving great power" by force,it was no longer "admiring China" in its cultural mentality.Joseon’s ambivalent attitude towards the Shixian Li reflects that after the fall of the Ming Dynasty,Joseon’s cultural "admiring China" and political "serving great power" had been separated.The Korea’s view on China changed from "respecting the Ming dynasty" and "worshipping Hua" to "devaluing the Qing Dynasty" and "rejecting Yi". |
