Comparison On Mammal Diversity Of Mangshan And Xuefengshan Sample Areas In Hunan Province Based On Infrared Camera Trapping

Infrared camera trapping,as a new monitoring method with non-invasive,low interference and low labor cost,has been widely used in wildlife diversity monitoring in recent years.In order to grasp the the mammal resources of the Mangshan and Xuefengshan sample areas,60 infrared cameras were installed in the Mangshan and Xuefengshan sample areas in accordance with the km grid method in December 2016-2018.By comparing the monitoring effects of infrared cameras in different habitat types and different degrees of protection,the mammal diversity and behavioral ecological differences of Mangshan and Xuefengshan were discussed and the causes of the differences were analyzed.Provide basic data for biodiversity conservation decision-making and performance evaluation under different habitat types and different degrees of protection.The main findings are as follows:1.A total of 15 species of mammals were detected in the Mangshan sample area,and a total of 1,387 independent and effective photos were obtained.Among them,the asian black bear(Ursus thibetanus),the spotted linsang(Prionodon pardicolor)and the tibetan macaque(Macaca thibetana)are the national ? state protected wild animals,the tibetan macaque and the reeve's muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi)are endemic to China.A total of 14 species of mammals were detected in the Xuefengshan sample area.A total of 701 independent and effective photographs were obtained.Among them,the spotted raccoon and the small indian civet(Viverricula indica)were national secondary protected wild animals.Both species of mammals are mainly belonging to Oriental realm.2.Comparing the species number and diversity of mammal in the same habitat type in the two plots: there were no significant variations of mammal species,diversity index and evenness index in evergreen,deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest,coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and coniferous forest;In the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest,the number of species in Mangshan sample area is larger than that in the Xuefengshan sample area,while among the other types of vegetation,the number of species,diversity index and evenness index of Mangshan sample area are lower than Xuefengshan sample area.The reason is that the small carp has obvious advantages,and the number of independent detection is much higher than other species,leading to a decline in the diversity index and the evenness index.With the rising of altitude,the number of mammal species,diversity index and evenness index decreased in the Mangshan sample area,but Xuefengshan sample area did not show the same trend.Species diversity is greatest in the low elevation zone(700-1 000 m)and the high elevation zone(1 600-1 800 m).In the sample area(slight elevation change),the main factor that may affect mammal distribution is the type of vegetation,and the effect of altitude on mammal distribution is not obvious.3.By comparison,it was found that there was no significant difference in the daily activity rhythm and seasonality of the leopard cats(Prionailurus bengalensis)and wild boars(Sus scrofa).However,the peak time of activity and the peak concentration time of each season are not the same,which is related to the animal's high adaptability to the local environment.4.According to the G-F index(genus?subject level),the diversity of mammals in the Mangshan sample area is larger than that of the Xuefengshan sample area,indicating that the establishment of national nature reserves plays an important role in maintaining the diversity of wild animals.From the Shannon-Wiener index and Evenness index,the mammal diversity in the Xuefengshan sample area(H?=1.76,J=0.67)is slightly higher than that in the Mangshan sample area(H?=1.55,J=0.57).It can be considered that the Xuefengshan Reserve has high protection and research value in mammal resources.It is recommended that government departments at all levels increase their emphasis on Xuefengshan Nature Reserve,increase human and material resources,strengthen management team construction,rationally plan layout,and better move to the region.Protection and restoration of plant resources and the ecological environment.